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2 years ago

Why can a failure in a database environment be more serious than an error in a nondatabase environment?

2 answers:

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Failure in a database environment is more serious then a non data base because if you lose important information you may not get it back and failure in a nondatabase environment the problem may be more easier to solve

Anestetic [448]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Failures in database environments can occur due to hardware failures, power failures and software/programming error.

Of these three errors, the non-database environment can survive the hardware failure due to recovery processes and the Software/programming error.

Explanation:

Databases are quite fragile when they hit a hardware failure if you try to recover them (Most of them have raw files that can only be read by certain types of Database Management Softwares) this does not exist in the Non-Database Scenario as most of these records are kept in files.

Software failures can occur when a wrong query is used to retrieve data from a DBMS. This can be frustrating except the user gets the right query.

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Add the following 2's complement binary numbers. Also express the answer in decimal. a. 01+ 1011b. 11+ 01010101c. 0101+ 110d. 01

kenny6666 [7]

Answer:

(a) 01 + 1011

Convert the two numbers into their 4-bit representation.

=> 01 = 0001

=> 1011

Addition of the two numbers (in their 2's complement form) gives the following:

0 0 0 1 ------------------> + 1 (in decimal)

1 0 1 1 ------------------> - 5 (in decimal)

1 1 0 0 -------------------> - 4 (in decimal)

Explanation for (a)

01 or 0001

Since the most significant bit is 0 (leftmost bit), it shows that it is a positive number. Therefore, it can be directly converted to its decimal representation as follows:

0001 = 0 x $2^{3}$ + 0 x $2^{2}$ + 0 x $2^{1}$ + 1 x $2^{0}$ = 1

0001 is + 1 in decimal.

1011

Its most significant bit(MSB) is 1 showing that it is negative.

Flipping all its bits and adding 1 to the result, will convert it to it's positive counterpart.

i.e 1011 => 0100 + 1 = 0101.

Converting the result (0101) to decimal gives

0101 = 0 x $2^{3}$ + 1 x $2^{2}$ + 0 x $2^{1}$ + 1 x $2^{0}$ = 5

1011 is -5 in decimal

01 + 1011 or 0001+ 1011 = 1100

The result (1100), of the addition of the two numbers, is a negative number as the MSB is 1.

Convert it to it's positive counterpart.

i.e 1100 => 0011 + 1 = 0100.

Converting the result (0100) to decimal gives

0100 = 0 x $2^{3}$ + 1 x $2^{2}$ + 0 x $2^{1}$ + 0 x $2^{0}$ = 4

Therefore, the result, 1100 is -4 in decimal.

===================================================

(b) 11 + 01010101

Convert the two numbers into their 8-bit representation since one of them is in 8-bit.

PS: Taking 11, its MSB is 1 showing that it is a negative number. Also, it's 8-bit representation will mean pre-padding it with ones(1s) rather than zeros as follows. In other words, pre-padding a 2's complement number is done using its sign bit.

=> 11 = 11111111

=> 01010101

Addition of the two numbers (in their 2's complement form) gives the following:

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ------------------> - 1 (in decimal)

0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 ------------------> + 85 (in decimal)

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 -------------------> + 84 (in decimal)

Discard the carry-out bit (1) making the result 01010100

Explanation for (b)

11 or 11111111

Its MSB is 1 showing that it is negative.

Convert it to it's positive counterpart.

11111111 => 00000000 + 1 = 00000001

Converting the result (00000001) to decimal gives 1

11 or 11111111 is - 1 in decimal.

01010101

Its MSB is 0 showing that it is also positive. Now, convert to decimal

01010101 = 85

01010101 is + 85 in decimal.

11111111 + 01010101 = 01010100

The result (01010100), is also positive as the MSB is 0. Now, convert to decimal.

01010100 = 84

Therefore the result (01010100) is + 84 in decimal.

===================================================

Convert the two numbers into their 4-bit representations.

=> 0101 = 0101

=> 110 = 1110

Addition of the two numbers (in their 2's complement form) gives the following:

0 1 0 1 ------------------> + 5 (in decimal)

1 1 1 0 -----------------> - 2 (in decimal)

1 0 0 1 1 -------------------> + 3 (in decimal)

Dicard the carry-out bit (leftmost bit) to get 0011 as result.

Explanation for (c)

0101

Since the MSB is 0 (leftmost bit), it shows that it is a positive number. Now, convert to decimal.

0101 = 5

0101 is +5 in decimal.

110 or 1110

Its MSB is 1 showing that it is negative.

Convert it to it's positive counterpart.

i.e 1110 => 0001 + 1 = 0010.

Converting the result (0010) to decimal gives

0010 = 2

1110 is -2 in decimal

0101 + 110 = 0101+ 1110 = 0011

The result (0011), is a positive number as the MSB is 0.

Converting the result (0011) to decimal gives

0011 = 3

Therefore, the result, 0011 is 3 in decimal.

===================================================

(d) 01 + 10

Convert the two numbers into their 4-bit representation.

=> 01 = 0001

=> 10 = 1110

Addition of the two numbers (in their 2's complement form) gives the following:

0 0 0 1 ------------------> + 1 (in decimal)

1 1 1 0 ------------------> - 2 (in decimal)

1 1 1 1 -------------------> - 1 (in decimal)

Explanation for (d)

01 or 0001

Since the MSB is 0 (leftmost bit), it shows that it is a positive number. Now convert to decimal.

0001 = 1

0001 is + 1 in decimal.

1110

Its MSB is 1 showing that it is negative.

Convert it to it's positive counterpart.

i.e 1110 => 0001 + 1 = 0010.

Converting the result (0010) to decimal gives

0010 = 2

1110 is -2 in decimal

01 + 1011 or 0001+ 1110 = 1111

The result (1111), is a negative number as the MSB is 1.

Convert it to it's positive counterpart.

i.e 1111 => 0000 + 1 = 0001.

Converting the result (0001) to decimal gives

0001 = 1

Therefore, the result, 1111 is -1 in decimal.

7 0

2 years ago

Which collaboration technology is becoming more and more popular within organizations because it provides a means for forming ad

Leona [35]

Answer:

d) Social networking sites

Explanation:

-Intranet is a network that is created by an organization to share information, tools and different services inside the company.

-Wikis are websites used to share content and knowledge and different users can modify the information.

-VoIP is a technology that allows you to make calls over the internet.

-Social networking sites are online platforms that allow people to connect with organizations and other people, create communities online and share different types of information.

-Unified communications is a system that has different communication methods through a single application.

According to this, the collaboration technology that is becoming more and more popular within organizations because it provides a means for forming ad hoc groups, networking and locating potential business allies is social networking sites.

8 0

1 year ago

Arrays are described as immutable because they are two dimensional. are arranged sequentially. can be reordered. cannot be chang

Vlada [557]

Answer:

Arrays are described as immutable because they cannot be changed once they are defined. (D on Edge)

Explanation:

It's in the notes and I just took the test (2020)

6 0

2 years ago

We Deliver trains its truck loaders how to set the packages in the delivery vehicles, so that when delivery drivers are pulling

damaskus [11]

Answer:

We Deliver trains its truck loaders how to set the packages in the delivery vehicles, so that when delivery drivers are pulling packages off their trucks, they are organized in a specific order and with the label facing forward to reduce errors and save time. A Procedure is being implemented when directing that the trucks be loaded in this specific manner.

Explanation:

Procedure is the method or set of instructions to perform some operation in specific order to complete the task in an organized manner. It is the type of directions to perform some operations.

In above mentioned case, if we want that the packages should set in some organized manner such as labeling face of package in forward direction so that, chance of error should reduce and time save. We should provide some procedure to the truck loaders.

5 0

2 years ago

The attack in which the attacker sends a forged packet with the same source IP address and destination IP address in which the v

Sergeeva-Olga [200]

Answer:

TEARDROP

Explanation:

Teardrop is a form of attack in which the attacker sends a forged packet with the same source IP address and destination IP address in which the victim may be tricked into sending messages to and from itself .

Teardrop attack also involves sending fragmented packets to a target machine in which the victim is been tricked into sending messages to and from itself. One of the fields in an IP header is the “fragment offset” field, indicating the starting position of the data contained in a fragmented packet relative to the data in the original packet.

7 0

2 years ago