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topjm [15]
2 years ago
6

You and your friend who lives far away want to fairly and randomly select which of the two of you will travel to the other’s hom

e for a visit. Your friend remembers having learned about using hashes as cryptographic commitments and proposes to use a coin toss to decide. He tells you to randomly choose ‘heads’ or ‘tails’ by throwing a coin, hash the result using sha256, and send him the hash. Once you have committed to the outcome, he’ll guess ‘heads’ or ‘tails’, you’ll reveal to him your choice and he can verify that the hash is correct. If his choice matches your coin toss, then your friend wins and you have to make the trip. What is the problem with this scheme, as described?
a.there’s no way to prove that your coin toss is random
b.there’s no way to prove that sha256 is collision resistant
c.your friend can hash all possible options and discover your secret
d.unless you sign the hash message your friend can’t be sure it was you who sent it
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
Phantasy [73]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

c. your friend can hash all possible options and discover your secret.

Explanation:

SHA-256 is a set of hash functions that was designed by the NSA. SHA-2 is considered an upgrade on the set that was its predecessor, SHA-1. A hash is a mathematical function that condenses data in a process of one-way encryption. SHA-256 creates hash algoritms that are considered irreversible and unique. However, one of the properties of hashing algorithms is determinism, which means that any computer in the world would be able to compute a particular hash and get the same answer.

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Square a Number This is a practice programming challenge. Use this screen to explore the programming interface and try the simpl
yan [13]

Answer:

import java.io.*;

public class Main {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

      BufferedReader brObject = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

      String str;

      while ((str = brObject.readLine()) != null) {

          int number = Integer.parseInt(str);

          System.out.println(number * number);

      }

  }

}

Explanation:

  • Inside the main method, create an object of BufferedReader class to read lines from standard input.
  • Declare a string and run a while loop until it reaches the end of the input.
  • Inside the while loop convert the string into an integer data type.
  • Finally display the output by squaring the number.
3 0
2 years ago
A summer camp offers a morning session and an afternoon session.
defon

Answer:

(A) IF (IsFound

(afternoonList, child))

{

APPEND (lunchList, child)

}

Hope this helps!

5 0
2 years ago
how write a program to prompt the user for hours and rate per hour using input to computer gross pay Use 35 hours and rate2.75 p
Juli2301 [7.4K]

Answer:

Write a program to prompt the user for hours and rate per hour using input to compute gross pay. Use 35 hours and a rate of 2.75 per hour to test the program (the pay should be 96.25). You should use input to read a string and float() to convert the string to a number. ... #compute gross pay bye hours and rate per hour.

Explanation:

3 0
2 years ago
Assume the array of integers values has been created. Which condition must be used in the indicated area so the loop below will
scZoUnD [109]

Answer:

val > max

Explanation:

Assuming the values array is already created, inside the loop, we need to check if the val, a value in the values array, is greater than max. If it is greater than the max, that means it is our new max. Then we would set the max as the val. This way, if there is any value greater than max, it will be our max at the end of the loop.

7 0
2 years ago
The compare_strings function is supposed to compare just the alphanumeric content of two strings, ignoring upper vs lower case a
Korolek [52]

Answer:

There is a problem in the given code in the following statement:

Problem:

punctuation = r"[.?!,;:-']"

This produces the following error:

Error:

bad character range

Fix:

The hyphen - should be placed at the start or end of punctuation characters. Here the role of hyphen is to determine the range of characters. Another way is to escape the hyphen - using using backslash \ symbol.

So the above statement becomes:

punctuation = r"[-.?!,;:']"  

You can also do this:

punctuation = r"[.?!,;:'-]"  

You can also change this statement as:

punctuation = r"[.?!,;:\-']"

Explanation:

The complete program is as follows. I have added a print statement print('string1:',string1,'\nstring2:',string2) that prints the string1 and string2 followed by return string1 == string2  which either returns true or false. However you can omit this print('string1:',string1,'\nstring2:',string2) statement and the output will just display either true or false

import re  #to use regular expressions

def compare_strings(string1, string2):  #function compare_strings that takes two strings as argument and compares them

   string1 = string1.lower().strip()  # converts the string1 characters to lowercase using lower() method and removes trailing blanks

   string2 = string2.lower().strip()  # converts the string1 characters to lowercase using lower() method and removes trailing blanks

   punctuation = r"[-.?!,;:']"  #regular expression for punctuation characters

   string1 = re.sub(punctuation, r"", string1)  # specifies RE pattern i.e. punctuation in the 1st argument, new string r in 2nd argument, and a string to be handle i.e. string1 in the 3rd argument

   string2 = re.sub(punctuation, r"", string2)  # same as above statement but works on string2 as 3rd argument

   print('string1:',string1,'\nstring2:',string2)  #prints both the strings separated with a new line

   return string1 == string2  # compares strings and returns true if they matched else false

#function calls to test the working of the above function compare_strings

print(compare_strings("Have a Great Day!","Have a great day?")) # True

print(compare_strings("It's raining again.","its raining, again")) # True

print(compare_strings("Learn to count: 1, 2, 3.","Learn to count: one, two, three.")) # False

print(compare_strings("They found some body.","They found somebody.")) # False

The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached.

4 0
2 years ago
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