Answer:
C)
Explanation:
Bacteria are prokaryotic, which means they (generally) don't have organelles or a nuclear envelope around their nucleus. They have ester linkages in the phospholipids in their cell membranes, while archea, which are also prokaryotic, have ether linkages. Ether linkages are more chemically stable than ester linkages, and since archea live in extreme environments this is helpful.
Bacteria are not multicellular and do not have organelles (complex cellular structures) besides ribosomes.
Answer:
During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, interleukin-1, that activates T helper cells
Explanation:
Macrophages interact with T cells in order to generate T cell activation in target organs, and are themselves activated by inflammatory messenger molecules (cytokines) produced by the T cells.
Macrophages produce toxic chemicals, such as nitric oxide, that can kill surrounding cells.
During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine, interleukin-1, that activates T helper cells
A. The following statements are hypotheses:
1. Glucose may cause an increase in bacterial growth.
2. Increased glucose may lead to capsule formation in bacteria.
B. The following statements are observations:
1. The bacterial colony grown without glucose do not have capsules around their cells.
2. Bacteria growth in the glucose environment increase rapidly and then stopped after sometime.
Answer:
-During citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle, radioactive carbon will be first appear in citric acid
Explanation:
During cellular respiration, glucose is first converted into pyruvate molecules by the process of glycolysis. These pyruvate molecules go for oxidative decarboxylation, during which acetyl co-enzyme A (acetyl CoA) is formed along with removal of carbon dioxide.
The acetyl co-enzyme enters to the next step in cellular respiration or citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle. The first step of citric acid cycle is formation of citric acid by joining of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate.
As citric acid is first molecule formed during citric acid cycle, radioactive carbon would be first appear in citric acid.
Answer:
Low Enzyme Production is the reason for no breaking down of food.
Explanation:
If the digestion of food did not occur so it means that there is low enzyme production because enzymes are responsible for the breaking down of food substances into simpler ones in order to absorb by the cells for the generation of energy in the form of ATP. So we can conclude that low enzyme production is the only reason for the stopping of breaking down or digestion of food.
