Question

Patient 1 and patient 2 both had a transplant. Which explains why patient 1 had a successful transplant and patient 2 did not?

Answer 1

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B. Patient 1 underwent long-term immunosuppressive therapy, but patient 2 was given immunosuppressants during the surgery.

Answer 2

The correct answer is option B. Patient 1 underwent long-term immunosuppressive therapy, but patient 2 was given immunosuppressants during the surgery.

Whenever organ transplantation occurs, if the patient is not closely related to the donor then patient's body tends to reject the donated the organ. This is known as graft rejection. It occurs when MHC of the host and the donor doesn't match by 50% or more. As a result of this, the host's body considers the donated organ as foreign and generates very strong immune response against the transplanted organ. It causes foreign tissue lysis and leads to internal bleeding. In order to avoid this situation, the patients are given immunosupressant drugs for a very long time. After treating them with these drugs gradually body starts to adapt the foreign organ which leads to successful transplant even if the MHC doesn't match by 50%. The patient 1 underwent long term immunosupressive therapy so transplant was successful. But, in case of patient 2 the drug treatment was for a very short period of time so his body couldn't adapt the foreign organ leading to transplant failure.