B.F. skinner was a behaviorist; as such he would argue that the most important things that shape development are "Rewards and punishments".
Reward and punishment are two sides of a similar coin. They are the two types of extraneous inspiration, which can be fairly noxious in the way it seems to work at the time. In conditioning, punishment stops activity while reward energizes it.
Answer:
c. expectancy
Explanation:
In this example, we learn that Jerri takes pride in her work and always approaches this with enthusiasm. This is because she believes that working hard and putting effort into it will necessarily result in success. According to expectancy theory, Jerri is doing this because of her expectancy. Expectancy refers to the belief that by exerting a high level of effort you will reach the successful performance of a task.
<span>The answer is resistance. It is
loosely defined as a client's unwillingness to discuss a particular topic in
therapy.</span>
<span>There are uncountable reasons
why clients can be resistant within a therapeutic relationship. People of all
cultures, natures, and personalities visit psychologists, each with their own
reasons for entering therapy. Some people may be ordered or referred by a third
party to enter therapy. Since they are not there of their own will, these
clients are often unwilling to be there and can show very obvious struggle to
the process. Regardless, many clients show some sort of resistance to the
emotional pain that change demands. Clients can be unwilling and opposed to
change even if it is what they desire, as change can be difficult, emotionally
painful, or scary.</span>
Social Darwinism really ought to be called "Spencerism," after Herbert Spencer, who began such thoughts. Spencer and Charles Darwin were rivals, not allies. The term "survival of the fittest" is actually a Spencer term, which he applied to human beings. (Darwin used the term "natural selection" in reference to biological species.) The ideas of what came to be known as "Social Darwinism" is that some people are just better and more fit to succeed than other, so they ought to succeed and rule over the less-talented members of the human species (like poor people). Industry titans (sometimes referred to as "robber barons") used the ideas of Social Darwinism to justify their dominating ways over common laborers.
<span>GIS allows for increased interconnectedness of people across the globe because it relates to mapping for example. Without GIS, people would not be privy to the rest of the world in terms of geography. GIS also provides the basis for GPS systems that many people use every day.</span>
