<h2>
Answer/Step-by-step explanation:</h2>
Direct variation occurs when a variable varies directly with another variable. That is, as the x-variable increases, the y-variable also increases.
The ratio of between y-variable and x-variable would be constant.
Direct variation can be represented by the equation, 
, where k is a constant. Thus,
From the table given, it seems, as x increases, y also increases. Let's find out if there is a constant of proportionality (k).
Thus, ratio of y to x, 
k = 0.5.
If the given table of values has a direct variation relationship, then, plugging in the values of any (x, y), into , should give us the same constant if proportionality.
Let's check:
When x = 2, and y = 1:
,
,
When x = 3, y = 1.5:
,
When x = 5, y = 2.50:
,
The constant of proportionality is the same. Therefore, the relationship forms a direct variation.
The half-angle formula for tangent is:
tan(a/2) = (sin a / (1 + cos a)) = ((1 - cos a) / sin a)
Now we can plug in values:
tan(5π/8) = (sin(5π/4) / (1 + cos(5π/4)) = ((1 - cos(5π/4)) / sin(5π/4)
tan(5π/8) = (-√2/2) / (1 + (-√2/2)) = (1 - (-√2/2)) / (-√2/2)
tan(5π/8) = ((-√2/2)) / ((2 - √2)/2) = ((2 + √2)/2) / (-√2/2)
Now we can solve the first half:
(-√2/2)(2 / (2 - √2))
(-√2/2)((4 + 2√2) / 2)
(-√2/2)(2 + √2)
(-2√2 - 2)/2
-√2 - 1
tan(5pi/8) = -√2 - 1
(12 - 9) / 12 = (40 - x) / 40
3/12 = (40 - x) / 40
40(1/4) = 40 - x
10 = 40 - x
10 - 40 = -x
-30 = -x
30 = x <=== percent decrease from 40 to 30
We have that
using a graph tool--------------> graph the <span> cosecant function
</span>see the attached figure
the answer is the option B
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