<span>Solar power is a renewable resource because </span><span>it is continually replenished.</span><span>
</span><span>Final answer: A</span><span> </span>
Answer:
B. In the real world, random and unpredictable events occur, so the Lotka-Volterra parameters vary over time
Explanation:
Lotka-Volterra equations are mathematical models that explain biological prey-predator interactions among two species, considering the following assumptions,
-
The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
- The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
- In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.
- In the absence of the prey, the predator population decreases exponentially. The predator environment is also ideal, but it is limited by the prey density.
- The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.
- The predators affect the prey populations, making it decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.
- The prey population also influence the predator population, proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.
In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of preys.
The parameters are always constant:
- a1: predator hunting success.
- r2: predator growth rate.
- a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.
In nature, there are many factors affecting interactions. Dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also in reality there are stochastic factors. <em>Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing the population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.</em>
In a real situation, the compliance of the whole assumptions does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, changing continuously the interaction among the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in different circumstances for both species.
Answer:
Mendel's law of independent assortment states that the genes are separated and inherited independently of each other into the gametes.
The corn can be used to study the law if independent assortment as each kernel of the corn is its fruit. Thus, it is a result of sexual reproduction.
Single corn may contain 800-1000 kernels which may have different shape, texture, structure et cetera as result of independent assortment, that is, each kernel receives alleles of genes independent of each other.
For example, a gene responsible for the texture of kernel would be inherited independently of the gene responsible for the color of the kernel.
Answer:
Indices are used to study fossil specimens and compare them against each other. They are based on concept of ratio hence better than simple measurements when it comes to comparative analysis. They compensate for the problems caused by other variable factors like size or specimen.
For example, to estimate if an organism is long or round headed simple measurement of cranial length or breadth can be done and the result can be given according to the selected parameter. However some specimens will have longer breadth than length and some will have longer length than breadth. So, it is better to measure both the parameters and find out their ratio. Hence, cranial index is used which is given by: (Cranial breadth/Cranial length)*100.
Answer:
The correct answer is b) asexually reproducing organisms, but not sexually reproducing organisms, pass all mutations to their offspring.
Explanation:
In asexually reproducing organisms all the mutation is passed to the offspring so the offspring are identical to the parents. Daughter cells contain all the genes that are present in the parent, therefore, in asexually reproducing organisms mutation leads to more evolutionary change.
In sexual reproduction, the offspring get half genes from male parents and half from female parent so a parent does not pass all the mutation in the offspring and in sexual reproduction selection pressure eliminate those offspring that have bad mutation so that the wrong mutation can not pass to next generation.
Therefore the correct answer is b.
