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scZoUnD [109]
2 years ago
5

Often, complex molecules are described in terms of their atomic masses. But what is more relevant in biology is how they take up

space. (For proteins, their shapes are particularly important.) Let's see if we can get an approximate idea of the physical size of a protein molecule by doing various estimations.
An important molecule in the internal mechanisms of cells is Actin. This is measured as having a mass of about 42 kDa (= 42,000 Daltons, where 12 Daltons is defined as the mass of a carbon atom). Let's see if we can estimate how big it is using very crude estimates. Of course eventually we will want to know how big it actually is and what its shape is, but getting a scale would help us determine what measurement tools might be appropriate.
In order to estimate the size of Actin, we'll first make an estimate of how many atoms it has, then, using the average size of an atom, we'll consider different models of how it might be arranged to get an idea of its size.
A. We could look up the chemical composition of Actin to get exactly how many atoms it contains. But let's see how "the estimation game" does instead. Actin is a biological molecule, so it's probably made up of mostly carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen, with a few other stray atoms tossed in. Use an "average sized biological atom" to estimate the number of atoms in Actin.
B. Given the radius of an average atom let's consider a simple model of Actin. Suppose Actin is tightly packed into a sphere or cube. For estimation purposes we could model each atom as a cube. If you built up a cube of the total number of atoms you found in A, what would be the dimensions of the cube?
C. Look up Actin and find its actual size. How did the really simple model do? Can you draw any conclusions about the structure of Actin from these results?
Biology
1 answer:
Anna [14]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

b

Explanation:

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A scientist is studying the population of a particular species of beetle in an ecosystem. The beetles currently have an estimate
mr_godi [17]

Answer:

Year Population

1         11,500

2         12,075

3         12,679

4         13,313

5         13,978

6         14,677

Explanation:

5 0
2 years ago
Homo naledi, recently discovered in south africa, has a sagittal keel, large browridge, thick cranial bones, and reduced tooth s
Westkost [7]
The answer is D.
Homo naledi seems most likely to be a member of the genus Homo; however, its small brain size is regarded as a primitive hominin trait more reminiscent of australopithecus.
Homo naledi is an extinct species of hominin, which anthropologists first described in September 2015 and have assigned to the genus Homo.  

7 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A volcanic eruption on the coast of Japan in 1850 deposits a layer of ash on top of a layer of red clay, and the ash is covered
jek_recluse [69]

Answer:

Option B

Explanation:

The series of events mentioned in this description are as follows -  

a) In 1850, ash layer deposits over the layer of red clay  

b) In 1902, layer of silt from tsunami covers the ash

Now pot is found in between ash and red clay layer  

While coin is found in between ash and silt.  

Thus, it is clear that pot was first buried between the ash and red clay layer. While coin was buried in 1902 above the ash layer but beneath the silt layer.  

Hence, option B is correct

 

4 0
2 years ago
Classify the interactions as being direct or indirect competition. A. Two eagles fight over a salmon carcass. B. All the gray fo
____ [38]
A. direct B. indirect C. direct D. indirect

Competition occurs by direct and indirect means. Organisms interact directly by fighting (aggression) for scarce resources. Two eagles fighting over the salmon carcass and two colonies of ant clashing over a wasp are samples of aggression (direct competition)

Indirect competition happens when there is a common or limited <span>supply of at least one resource  (food, water, and territory). </span>Use of this resource lessens and later depletes the amount available to others, or they compete for space.<span> Gray foxes preying on penguins and squirrels relying on nuts for food are samples of indirect competition.</span>

5 0
2 years ago
A completely-plated stickleback from a marine population was mated to a low-plated stickleback from a freshwater population. The
patriot [66]

Complete question:

A completely-plated stickleback from a marine population was mated to a low-plated stickleback from a freshwater population. The resulting F1 hybrids all displayed a completely plated phenotype. When the F1 hybrids were allowed to interbreed, the resulting F2 generation included completely plated offspring and low-plated offspring in an approximate 3:1 ratio. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the results of the breeding experiments?

(A) Phenotypic variation in the F sub two generation suggests that armor morphology is controlled by many alleles of a single gene.  

(B) The completely-plated phenotype is controlled by a dominant allele of a single gene.  

(C) Armor loss is an acquired characteristic that is affected by one or more environmental factors.  

(D) Patterns of armor plating in stickleback populations are regulated by sex-specific signals.  

Answer:

(B) The completely-plated phenotype is controlled by a dominant allele of a single gene.  

Explanation:

In the given genetic cross, all the F1 progeny expressed a "completely plated" phenotype. This means that this phenotype is dominant. Interbreeding of F1 hybrids obtained the "completely plated" and "low plated" progeny in a 3: 1 ratio. This means that both these phenotypes are controlled by two alleles of a gene.

The F1 hybrids were heterozygous dominant for the trait and carried both recessive and dominant alleles of the gene. Segregation of these alleles during gamete formation formed 50% alleles with the dominant allele and rest 50% with the recessive allele. The random fusion of these gametes gave the F2 progeny in 3 dominant: 1 recessive ratio.

3 0
2 years ago
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