<span>Levels of OrganizationIn unicellular (single-celled) organisms,
the single cell performs all life functions. It functions independently.
However, multicellular (many celled) organisms have various levels of
organization within them. Individual cells may perform specific
functions and also work together for the good of the entire organism.
The cells become dependent on one another.Multicellular organisms have
the following 5 levels of organization ranging from simplest to most
complex:<span><span>LEVEL 1 - Cells<span><span>Are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. </span>May serve a specific function within the organismExamples- blood cells, nerve cells, bone cells, etc.</span></span><span>LEVEL 2 - Tissues<span>Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to perform a specific activity Examples - blood, nervous, bone, etc. Humans have 4 basic tissues: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve.</span></span><span>LEVEL 3 - OrgansMade up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activityExamples - heart, brain, skin, etc.</span><span>LEVEL4 - Organ Systems <span>Groups of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function for the organism. Examples - circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system, etc. The
Human body has 11 organ systems - circulatory, digestive, endocrine,
excretory (urinary), immune(lymphatic), integumentary, muscular,
nervous, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal.</span></span><span> LEVEL 5 - Organisms <span> Entire
living things that can carry out all basic life processes. Meaning they
can take in materials, release energy from food, release wastes, grow,
respond to the environment, and reproduce. <span>Usually made up of organ systems, but an organism may be made up of only one cell such as bacteria or protist. </span>Examples - bacteria, amoeba, mushroom, sunflower, human</span></span></span></span>
Of the steps included in the scientific method, Shameka is performing step five, which is to<u> test your hypothesis by performing an experiment</u>.
The scientific method is the globally accepted process by which to make scientific claims. This method includes seven steps which are:
Ask a question
Do research
Create a hypothesis
Design an experiment to test the hypothesis
Perform the experiment
Study the results and make a conclusion
Communicate the results to your peers.
The question states that Shameka is <u>gathering samples from nearby water sources</u>, therefore she is in the process of testing her hypothesis through experimentation, which corresponds to step 5 of the scientific design.
tentatively group it with birds and speculate that the trait shared only with bats is a derived rather than an ancestral trait with bats.
Explanation:
The scientist after his observation should tentatively classify this organism with birds and the the second end of calculating the other morphological traits which makes it possess the likely bat traits to be ancestral.
According to scientists, most widely used modern systematic practice
depends upon the assumption that a change from character in one species
to character occurs once and once only in the evolutionary process and that this process is irreversible so that it never returns.
In this scheme, there are no independently derived parallel evolutionary changes,
nor convergences from a variety of states to a single one. Therefore, when two organisms share a
character state different from other species, it is because they are more closely related to each other through a recent common ancestor than they are to other species.
Also using the parsimony principle, a scheme of common ancestry for all the species is derived that uses all the characters that have been observed.
