<span>Levels of OrganizationIn unicellular (single-celled) organisms,
the single cell performs all life functions. It functions independently.
However, multicellular (many celled) organisms have various levels of
organization within them. Individual cells may perform specific
functions and also work together for the good of the entire organism.
The cells become dependent on one another.Multicellular organisms have
the following 5 levels of organization ranging from simplest to most
complex:<span><span>LEVEL 1 - Cells<span><span>Are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. </span>May serve a specific function within the organismExamples- blood cells, nerve cells, bone cells, etc.</span></span><span>LEVEL 2 - Tissues<span>Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to perform a specific activity Examples - blood, nervous, bone, etc. Humans have 4 basic tissues: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve.</span></span><span>LEVEL 3 - OrgansMade up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activityExamples - heart, brain, skin, etc.</span><span>LEVEL4 - Organ Systems <span>Groups of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function for the organism. Examples - circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system, etc. The
Human body has 11 organ systems - circulatory, digestive, endocrine,
excretory (urinary), immune(lymphatic), integumentary, muscular,
nervous, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal.</span></span><span> LEVEL 5 - Organisms <span> Entire
living things that can carry out all basic life processes. Meaning they
can take in materials, release energy from food, release wastes, grow,
respond to the environment, and reproduce. <span>Usually made up of organ systems, but an organism may be made up of only one cell such as bacteria or protist. </span>Examples - bacteria, amoeba, mushroom, sunflower, human</span></span></span></span>
Though both are unicellular, bacteria doesn’t possess a nucleus or cell organelles, except ribosomes, whereas amoebas possess a well-defined nucleus and all essential cell organelles.
Plasmids are conferred through horizontal gene transfer in bacteria. The ‘male’ bacteria develops a structure called pili that then attaches to the ‘female’ bacteria. It then transfers it’s replicated plasmid to the ‘female’ bacteria in a process called conjugation. This bacteria will hence have desirable traits that are coded for by the transferred genetic material ,such as antibiotic resistance, after a process called recombination.
Actively growing cells are in interphase. When a growing cell reaches its maximum size, it keeps itself small by entering mitosis and cytokinesis and dividing into 2 smaller daughter cells.
<u>Answer</u>: Thermal energy----> a polar bear breaks down stored fat to increase its temperature.
Mechanical energy-------> bat emits and receives sounds to locate prey.
Electrical energy------>eel releases a current to defend itself.
Radiant energy --------> a firefly produces a green glow from its abdomen to attract mates.
<u>Explanation</u>:
<em>Thermal energy</em> is the energy created in the movement of particles that leads to the production of heat and thus, the temperature increases. Since the polar bears break down fat to increase temperature, the energy generated is thermal energy.
The<em> mechanical energy</em> is defined as the sum of energy of motion and the position of an object . Thus the energy produced by the bat to locate its prey is mechanical energy.
The energy associated with the production of electromagnetic radiation is<em> radiant energy,</em> thus the glow produced by fireflies is a form of radiant energy.
The energy produced due to the movement of electrons is electrical energy. Thus, the energy produced by an eel in the form of electric current is <em>electrical energy.</em>
