Explanation:
A mutation is made once in every <u>10 billion</u> nucleotides copied.
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes.
Further Explanation:
During reproduction other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
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Answer:
Diencephalon
Explanation:
Brain stem and cerebrum are connected through diencephalon. It is a part of forebrain and carries sensory information and autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system are also controlled by it. The brain stem is present beneath the cerebrum and cerebellum lies in front of it. It progresses from above the cerebrum and is connected to the spinal cord below. Medulla oblongata, one and midbrain are part of the brain stem
Waste (byproducts) made by the cell that serves no purpose to keep inside the cell membrane.
When an organism reproduces they pass on their genetic information in the DNA to their<span> offspring.
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