Question

Patients at manderly psychiatric center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. they can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra tv time. this is an example of

Answer 1

This is an example of TOKEN ECONOMY.
Token economy refers to the system of contingency management, which is based on the systematic reinforcement of target behavior.  The target behaviour in the scenario given above is positive behaviour. The reinforcers are tokens which can be exchanged for other reinforcers. The token economy is usually effective because it is paired with the earning of the back up reinforcer.