Answer:
<em>The genotype of the mother will be Bb.</em>
Explanation:
A punnet square can be described as a diagram which is made to depict the outcome of a cross.
In the scenario discussed in the question, the genotype of the male parent will be bY. This is because he has the recessive black spots. As he is a male, he'll only have one allele for this gene.
In order to have one of spot design for each gender, the mother will have the genotype Bb.
The punnet square will be as follows:
b Y
B Bb BY
b bb bY
<h2>
A change in one base of the gene sequence is known as point mutation.</h2>
Explanation:
Question 2 is incomplete.
3. A mutation that only affects a single nucleotide of nucleic acid is known as Point Mutation.
In Point mutations there is substitution of one base for another.
Example: TAT TGG CTA
TAC TGG CTA
The TAT changes to TAC which shows point mutation.
4. Yes. The point mutation have an effect on the outcome compared to the normal sequence.
When there is a change in one base of the gene it results into causing disease such as cancer, sickle cell anemia.
Prokaryotic bacteria are surrounded by a cell membrane that contains the transport proteins to regulate the entry and exit of materials through the cell, the cell wall to help maintain cell shape and structure, and the capsule, which aids against drying out and protects bacteria from a host's immune system.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Bacteria are the prokaryotic organisms that are found in every part of Earth. These organisms do have an interesting ultrastructure. The coverings of the bacteria are three in layer. They are
A. The outer capsule.
B. The middle cell wall.
C. The inner cell membrane.
The capsule is the outermost covering of bacteria that is formed of different slimy materials. These materials contains hygroscopic substances which can absorb water from the surroundings even when the water concentration in outside is very very low. This layer of protection outside bacteria help them to protect themselves against drying out at dry conditions.
The middle cell wall is formed of polymers of N acetyl glucosamine and N acetyl muramic acid. This layer is chitin in nature and is strong enough to maintain the shape and size of bacteria irrespective of outer conditions.
The innermost layer of bacteria is cell membrane which is formed of proteins and lipids bilayer and this cell membrane contains different transport for proteins which help in transport of different substances like water and nutrients inside the cell by means of active transport or passive diffusion.
The number who reach sixty years of age will be higher because first of all, there will more and better health services available and the life expectancy of people is expected to rise.
