<h2>Axons </h2>
Explanation:
Axons cross from one side of the spinal cord to the other through the gray commisure
- Each arm or extension of the gray matter in the spinal cord is referred to as a horn
- Projecting towards the back of the spinal cord are the dorsal horns (or posterior horns)
- Projecting towards the front are the ventral horns (or anterior horns)
- In the thoracic and upper lumbar regions of the cord, an additional pair of side projections occur, which are called the lateral horns
- A narrow band of gray matter known as the gray commissure stretches across of the center of the spinal cord and connects the two sets of horns
- In the middle of the gray commissure is the central canal, which contains cerebral spinal fluid
Messages from the motor cortex are blocked by the brainstem.
The question should be about active vs passive range of motion.
In the active range of motion, the test is done by asking the patient to move their body themselves. In this case, the patient should use their muscle to move their body. If there is a restriction in this examination, it could be caused by the muscles or the joints, or the nervous system that used to contract the muscle.
In the passive range of motion, the test is done by the examiner moving the patient body. Since no muscle used, the test shouldn't be influenced much by the muscle. Then, if there is an articular joint issue, the restriction would be found in both passive and active ROM, but the nonarticular joint issue might only cause abnormality in the active ROM.
