Answer:
1 day.
Explanation:
From the given information:
The rate of mutation induced by RNA polymerase is:
Since the genome comprise of 19000 bp;
To complete a single replication, the viral cycle induce: 
However, in a single day; 10,000,000,000 viruses are reported to be replicated.
Hence, if a virus has 2 mutations; Then 10,000,000,000 virus will have:
SO, to round this up to whole number, it will take 1 day (s) to overcome the therapy.
Answer: pH 5 Acidic environment.
Explanation:
The fungi grows best in the acidic environment, this is because the fungi grows in a moist, warm and darker environment.
The fungus grows at lower pH. When the fungal species was grown in the laboratory conditions then under low pH, the fungal species grow more properly.
Hence, the best environment for the growth of fungus is pH 5.
The diagram is not given in the question, so the diagram is attached below.
Answer:
chloroplast, thylakoid space
Explanation:
The photosynthesis process is categorized in two steps light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions.
In light-dependent reaction, chlorophyll absorbs one photon and loses one electron. This initiates the flow of electrons down an electron transport chain and result into reduction of NADP to NADPH.
Along with this, it creates a proton gradient or concentration across the chloroplast membrane and into the thylakoid space. The proton concentration or energy gradient is then used by ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP and cellular respiration.
Hence, the correct answer is chloroplast and thylakoid space
Answer:
A) Effect of findings on other family members would be most important factor.
Explanation:
Genetic research is done on human DNA to know the genes and environmental factors associated with certain disease.
Institutional review board (IRB) is the regulatory authority to protect the rights of subjects invloved in a resaerch.
The genetic reaerches usually involve families, so the researcher subjects and the result of research is related to all subjects that cause increased information flow between subjects and effect their decision to partcipate independently in research. Also, if the research involve therapeutic studies special precautions would be taken to choose the subject
Due to the definition of the central dogma, another way of putting it is that the central dogma follows the flow of information from DNA to protein.
