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Tpy6a [65]
2 years ago
9

Assume that the premise(s) of the following argument are true. Apply the other three tests of the worthiness of an argument in t

heir proper order: "Anthony was at risk of dying from the severe fall that he took when he was climbing. Many who had the same near-fatal experience become averse to climbing afterward. So, Anthony will surely become averse to climbing after his fall." That argument is an example of ________.
Social Studies
1 answer:
il63 [147K]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

That argument is an example of a falacy masquerading as a valid inference.

Explanation:

Fallacy means error, deception or falsehood. Usually a fallacy is a misconception that is conveyed as true, misleading others. On the other hand, when an argument conveying a true idea is used to derive a false conclusion from false assumptions, the inference is valid.

Based on this, we can conclude that the argument quoted in the above question is a fallacy disguised as valid inference, because the speaker of the argument provides the information as a true statement, but it is wrong to draw conclusions about how Anthony will react after his accident, based on how other people reacted.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

Andrew Carnegie was known as a philanthropist, he felt it was his duty or obligation to give back to the community as a wealthy person. But he was also the wealthiest man in the world in 1901 when he retired. There is a big disparity between his life and the life of  average coal miner who had to struggle in the mines and risked their health and lives because the earnings were a bit higher than other options for the poorer or working class at the time, particularly where there was coal mining in the Appalachians and around Pittsburgh, for example. This philanthropic view was not ethical because it was the wealthy man himself who still decided where the money was to be donated or invested and in the kind of services it would provide. Carnegie donated to museums and libraries in the Pittsburgh area for example, and while valuable in themselves they do little to improve the quality of life for working class people directly, like coal miners. Although Carnegie did respond personally to some families in the Harwick Mine Disaster for example,  having medals privately minted for the families of two miners who gave their lives trying to save the others. Carnegie also gave $5 million to establish a Carnegie Hero Fund (note how the gesture was branded in the sense even in giving it carries the Carnegie name). But 181 people died in that accident that was indicative of other sacrifices many countless other coal miners made to help amass his personal fortune.  

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Explanation:

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