The answer is: conditioned stimulus (CS)
Conditioned stimulus refers to the neutral stimulus that trigger a specific response after being associated for a prolonged period of time with unconditioned stimulus.
In the case above:
- the toilet flush is previously a neutral stimulus that does not trigger any response.
- The toilet flush later on paired with unconditioned stimulus (hot water) that make jeff scream in pain
- Because of this, the toilet flush become a conditioned stimulus. This make jeff associate the toilet flush with hot water and make him twitch whenever he hear toilet flush while bathing.
According to Roselli (2003) among other authors, during adolescence exists an increment in the formation of the dendritic connections as well as a change in the cortex associated with the acquisition of complex cognitive functions. The maturation of the right hemisphere is also related to the shift in the emotional conduct, and the maturation of the left hemisphere is associated with the improvement of the language. The maturation of the prefrontal structures correlates with the development of the cognitive functions.
references
Rosselli, M. (2003). Maduración cerebral y desarrollo cognoscitivo. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 1(1), 125-144.
Answer:
The "snapping" of her fingers will have no effect or response in the scenario.
Explanation:
The situation above is related to the concept of "blocking" when it comes to Psychology. According to the<em> "blocking effect,"</em> conditioning to a particular stimulus will only be blocked<u> if that stimulus was reinforced in alignment with a conditioned stimulus before.</u>
So, in the situation above, the snapping of fingers refers to another unconditioned stimulus. Its conditioning was blocked because it was reinforced in compound with the previously conditioned stimulus. This time, the previously unconditioned stimulus<em> </em><em>(poking of Emily's eye</em>) becomes a conditioned stimulus. This is, primarily, because Emily has already gotten the association of the stimuli involved, so she no longer responded in the same manner or it had no more effect on her when her sister mentioned the word "Psychology."
