Question

The type of research design which compares various participants at several points in time (no longer than 6 years apart) to examine age-related differences and changes is called a ____________________.

Answer 1

Answer:

The type of research design that compares various participants at several points in time is called a longitudinal study.

Explanation:

Longitudinal research will track study participants over a period of time. This can help the researcher to understand how the circumstances can change for study participants over time. However, this kind of research design is costly and they require substantial resources. There can also be effects on the study data collected due to the repeated testing of participants. Research subjects may become used to the questions or disinterested in providing real detailed information due to the work involved for them in providing survey responses, for example.

Subject attrition is also a problem because if you lose a research participant after 50% or 60% of the research process is completed, technically you lose all the data for that subject unless you have accounted for the attrition somehow in your original research design (Gorvine et al., 2017). The only caveat to your original question is that the stipulation that the research has to occur every six years is not a part of the generic definition of longitudinal studies. Longitudinal studies can be any length of time in theory, either short periods of testing or longer intervals.    

Answer 2

Answer:

Cross-sectional research

Explanation:

Cross-sectional research: The cross-sectional research or study is also referred to as prevalence study, transverse study, and cross-sectional analysis.

This is one of the types of observational studies that examine a representative subset, population data, at a specific time. It includes people who belong to a different group but shares few characteristics like, educational background, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity.