Answer:
a. DNA polymerase proofreading: consequence of its absence is the DNA mutation
b. Mismatch repair enzymes
: consequence of its absence impedes homologous recombination resulting in the final mutation
c. Nucleotide excision repair enzymes
: the absence of nucleotide cleavage repair enzymes would impede the functioning of damaged DNA repair mechanisms
Explanation:
a. DNA polymerases are the enzymes that form the DNA in cells. During DNA replication (copying), most DNA polymerases can "check their work" with each base they add. This process is called review. If the polymerase detects that you have added a wrong nucleotide (incorrectly paired), remove it and replace it immediately, before continuing with DNA synthesis
b. In homologous recombination, the information from the homologous chromosome that matches that of the damaged one (or from a sister chromatid if the DNA has been copied) is used to repair the fragmentation. In this process the two homologous chromosomes are approached and the undamaged region of the homologue or the chromatide is used as a template to replace the damaged region of the broken chromosome. Homologous recombination is "cleaner" than the union of non-homologous ends and does not usually cause 11 mutations
c. Excision repair: damage to one or a few DNA bases is usually fixed by removing (excising) and replacing the damaged region. In repair by base cleavage, only the damaged base is removed. In nucleotide excision repair, as in the mating repair we saw earlier, a nucleotide section is removed
Answer:
The correct answer is ''aids in the passive movement of water out of the tubule''
Explanation:
The nephron loop has a descending branch, which goes to the renal medulla, and an ascending branch, which goes back to the cortex. The nephrons of these kidneys can have loops of Henle of different dimensions. The thin segment of the loop has thin epithelial membranes, its cells are highly permeable to water, but not to solutes. The water that exits from the descending portion of the nephron loop into the medullary space is immediately reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries, causing osmolality to increase in both the tubular fluid and the medullary interstitial fluid. The characteristics of the descending branch differ from one species to another, the normal thing is that in one way or another, the osmotic concentration of the urine that moves through it is balanced with that of the interstitial fluid.
Gymnosperms:- non-flowering,exposed seeds,pine or fir fruit.
angiosperms:- flowering,seeds enclosed in fruit,garden flowers and tomatoes
The correct answer is
Because the needle can't hold as much heat as the bucket of water. Therefore the water can hold and disperse more heat and the needle will be hotter.
Answer: D.) It allows water to resist freezing and thawing cycles.
The ability of the water molecule to absorb and retain heat is called as heat capacity of water, because of this property the temperature of water remains the same for long, irrespective of the external environment. It allows water to resist freezing and thawing cycles because water molecules will resist change in it's temperature. This temperature regulation will prevent instant heating and cooling, hence, will provide suitable environment for the survival of marine organisms.
