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vovikov84 [41]
2 years ago
10

Which of the following groups has terms that can be used interchangeably with the others?1. Percentage, Probability, and Proport

ion2. Critical Value, Probability, and Proportion3. Critical Value, Percentage, and Probability4. Critical Value, Percentage, and Proportion
Mathematics
2 answers:
Dafna1 [17]2 years ago
6 0

Answer: 1) Percentage, Probability, Proportion

Step-by-step explanation:

In statistics,

▪Proportion means a fraction of the total.

▪Percentage means a number or a ratio, expressed as a fraction of 100. Here, the total is 100.

▪Probability which may look slightly different from the other two means a number between 0 and 1, showing the exact likelihood of an event happening. Which in context can mean, a number showing a fraction of an event happening out of the whole (0 to 1).

▪Critical value means a point in hypothesis testing on the test distribution that is compared to the test statistic to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.

In the four definitions, the odd one out is Critical Value.

So the option without critical value in it is option 1) Percentage, Probability, Proportion since we can use the three interchangeable.

shepuryov [24]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

1. Percentage, Probability, and Proportion

Step-by-step explanation:

Proportion means a portion of a whole e.g. 2/5

Percentage means a ratio of a number expressed as a fraction of 100 e.g 20/100

Probability- This means the likelihood of an event to occur e.g 1/2

All these three terms are usually expressed as a Fraction of a Number which makes them similar.

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Lenovo uses the​ zx-81 chip in some of its laptop computers. the prices for the chip during the last 12 months were as​ follows:
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Given the table below of the prices for the Lenovo zx-81 chip during the last 12 months

\begin{tabular}
{|c|c|c|c|}
Month&Price per Chip&Month&Price per Chip\\[1ex]
January&\$1.90&July&\$1.80\\
February&\$1.61&August&\$1.83\\
March&\$1.60&September&\$1.60\\
April&\$1.85&October&\$1.57\\
May&\$1.90&November&\$1.62\\
June&\$1.95&December&\$1.75
\end{tabular}

The forcast for a period F_{t+1} is given by the formular

F_{t+1}=\alpha A_t+(1-\alpha)F_t

where A_t is the actual value for the preceding period and F_t is the forcast for the preceding period.

Part 1A:
Given <span>α ​= 0.1 and the initial forecast for october of ​$1.83, the actual value for october is $1.57.

Thus, the forecast for period 11 is given by:

F_{11}=\alpha A_{10}+(1-\alpha)F_{10} \\  \\ =0.1(1.57)+(1-0.1)(1.83) \\  \\ =0.157+0.9(1.83)=0.157+1.647 \\  \\ =1.804

Therefore, the foreast for period 11 is $1.80


Part 1B:

</span>Given <span>α ​= 0.1 and the forecast for november of ​$1.80, the actual value for november is $1.62

Thus, the forecast for period 12 is given by:

F_{12}=\alpha&#10; A_{11}+(1-\alpha)F_{11} \\  \\ =0.1(1.62)+(1-0.1)(1.80) \\  \\ &#10;=0.162+0.9(1.80)=0.162+1.62 \\  \\ =1.782

Therefore, the foreast for period 12 is $1.78</span>



Part 2A:

Given <span>α ​= 0.3 and the initial forecast for october of ​$1.76, the actual value for October is $1.57.

Thus, the forecast for period 11 is given by:

F_{11}=\alpha&#10; A_{10}+(1-\alpha)F_{10} \\  \\ =0.3(1.57)+(1-0.3)(1.76) \\  \\ &#10;=0.471+0.7(1.76)=0.471+1.232 \\  \\ =1.703

Therefore, the foreast for period 11 is $1.70

</span>
<span><span>Part 2B:

</span>Given <span>α ​= 0.3 and the forecast for November of ​$1.70, the actual value for november is $1.62

Thus, the forecast for period 12 is given by:

F_{12}=\alpha&#10; A_{11}+(1-\alpha)F_{11} \\  \\ =0.3(1.62)+(1-0.3)(1.70) \\  \\ &#10;=0.486+0.7(1.70)=0.486+1.19 \\  \\ =1.676

Therefore, the foreast for period 12 is $1.68



</span></span>
<span>Part 3A:

Given <span>α ​= 0.5 and the initial forecast for october of ​$1.72, the actual value for October is $1.57.

Thus, the forecast for period 11 is given by:

F_{11}=\alpha&#10; A_{10}+(1-\alpha)F_{10} \\  \\ =0.5(1.57)+(1-0.5)(1.72) \\  \\ &#10;=0.785+0.5(1.72)=0.785+0.86 \\  \\ =1.645

Therefore, the forecast for period 11 is $1.65

</span>
<span><span>Part 3B:

</span>Given <span>α ​= 0.5 and the forecast for November of ​$1.65, the actual value for November is $1.62

Thus, the forecast for period 12 is given by:

F_{12}=\alpha&#10; A_{11}+(1-\alpha)F_{11} \\  \\ =0.5(1.62)+(1-0.5)(1.65) \\  \\ &#10;=0.81+0.5(1.65)=0.81+0.825 \\  \\ =1.635

Therefore, the forecast for period 12 is $1.64



Part 4:

The mean absolute deviation of a forecast is given by the summation of the absolute values of the actual values minus the forecasted values all divided by the number of items.

Thus, given that the actual values of october, november and december are: $1.57, $1.62, $1.75

using </span></span></span><span>α = 0.3, we obtained that the forcasted values of october, november and december are: $1.83, $1.80, $1.78

Thus, the mean absolute deviation is given by:

\frac{|1.57-1.83|+|1.62-1.80|+|1.75-1.78|}{3} = \frac{|-0.26|+|-0.18|+|-0.03|}{3}  \\  \\ = \frac{0.26+0.18+0.03}{3} = \frac{0.47}{3} \approx0.16

Therefore, the mean absolute deviation </span><span>using exponential smoothing where α ​= 0.1 of October, November and December is given by: 0.157



</span><span><span>Part 5:

The mean absolute deviation of a forecast is given by the summation of the absolute values of the actual values minus the forecasted values all divided by the number of items.

Thus, given that the actual values of october, november and december are: $1.57, $1.62, $1.75

using </span><span>α = 0.3, we obtained that the forcasted values of october, november and december are: $1.76, $1.70, $1.68

Thus, the mean absolute deviation is given by:

&#10; \frac{|1.57-1.76|+|1.62-1.70|+|1.75-1.68|}{3} = &#10;\frac{|-0.17|+|-0.08|+|-0.07|}{3}  \\  \\ = \frac{0.17+0.08+0.07}{3} = &#10;\frac{0.32}{3} \approx0.107

Therefore, the mean absolute deviation </span><span>using exponential smoothing where α ​= 0.3 of October, November and December is given by: 0.107



</span></span>
<span><span>Part 6:

The mean absolute deviation of a forecast is given by the summation of the absolute values of the actual values minus the forecasted values all divided by the number of items.

Thus, given that the actual values of october, november and december are: $1.57, $1.62, $1.75

using </span><span>α = 0.5, we obtained that the forcasted values of october, november and december are: $1.72, $1.65, $1.64

Thus, the mean absolute deviation is given by:

&#10; \frac{|1.57-1.72|+|1.62-1.65|+|1.75-1.64|}{3} = &#10;\frac{|-0.15|+|-0.03|+|0.11|}{3}  \\  \\ = \frac{0.15+0.03+0.11}{3} = &#10;\frac{29}{3} \approx0.097

Therefore, the mean absolute deviation </span><span>using exponential smoothing where α ​= 0.5 of October, November and December is given by: 0.097</span></span>
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