Answer:
Testing Platismatia glauca could help scientists understand which pollutants have the largest effect on lichen populations. It also may help scientists understand the current pollutant levels in the atmosphere compared to the population of lichens on the trees. This information can help them more accurately predict population changes over time.
hope this helps:)
Answer:
B. increasing osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries that reduces the amount of filtration
Explanation:
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Answer:</h2><h2>when the membranes are fused, the polar parts of the phospholipids from one cell will interact with the phospholipids from the other cell .</h2>
Explanation:
Cell membrane is composed of phospholipid bilayer . Cell membrane is hydrophilic at the surface of outside of the cell and inside surface of the cell thus both surface of cell membrane is a hydrophilic . Interiorly cell membrane is hydrophobic or nonpolar region because membrane composed of long fatty acid chain interiorly . Inner surface of cell membrane have no contact with water or polar molecules . When membrane binds to each other then the polar parts of the phospholipids from one cell will interact with the phospholipids from the other cell , while nonpolar parts of cell avoid water and create bilayer phospholipid where hydrophobic tails are in between the hydrophilic heads .
Answer:
The Caenorhabditis elegans dauer state is a hibernation-like state of diapause that displays a dramatic reduction in spontaneous locomotion.
Explanation:
Mutations affecting the neurotransmitter dopamine, which regulates voluntary movement in many organisms, can stimulate movement in dauers. The movement of quiescent animals is stimulated by conditions that reduce dopamine signaling and also by conditions predicted to increase dopamine signaling.The stimulation of movement by increased dopamine is much more pronounced in quiescent daf-2(−) dauer and dauer-like adult animals.
In C. elegans hermaphrodites, dopamine is produced by eight neurons and signals via at least four dopamine receptors, DOP-1 through DOP-4. In addition, a presynaptic reuptake transporter, DAT-1, removes dopamine from the extracellular space to terminate signaling. In C. elegans, dopamine is best known for mediating the “basal slowing response” in which the animal's movement slows when it encounters food.. Dopamine is thought to be released in response to food and to act on motor neurons to modulate the animal's movement . Animals that cannot produce dopamine fail to slow in response to food and exogenous dopamine slows the movement of animals cultured without food.The response to dopamine in this situation is complex, as the absence of specific dopamine receptors can have either positive or negative effects on movement.
Answer:
1. heterozygous yellow and star
2. 37
3. 1/8
4. 168
5. 1/4
Explanation:
Given ,
In f1 generation a cross is made between a true breeding black star bellied sneetch mated with a true breeding yellow starless sneetch
yySS x YYss
It is taken as - Y (yellow) is dominant over y (black)
and S (star) is dominant over s (starless)
1. F1 Generation
Genotype of parents yySS X YYss
gametes - yS, yS, Ys, Ys
All 16 offspring will have genotype YySs
phenotype would be heterozygous yellow and star
2. F2 generation cross
YySs X YySs
YS Ys yS ys
YS YYSS YYSs YySS YySy
Ys YYSs YYss YySs Yyss
yS YySS YySs yySS yySs
ys YySs Yyss yySs yyss
Genotype of offspring are –
YYSS – 1
YYSs – 2
YySS – 2
YySs – 4
YYss- 1
Yyss- 2
yySS – 1
yySs- 1
yyss- 1
2. Out of 16, 2 are black star bellied sneetches . Which means only 1/8 are black star bellied sneetches
So out of 300, 37 are black star bellied sneetches
3. Only 2 out of 16 are true breeding. i.e 1/8
4. 9 out of 16 are yellow star bellied sneetches, so out of 300, 168 are yellow star bellied sneetches
5. 4 out of 16 are true breeding yellow. Thus, ¼ are true breeding
