I) Locus- the chromosomal site where a specific gene is located. A locus is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker. Each chromosome carries ,many genes; human's estimated haploid (n) protein coding genes are about 20,000, on the 23 different chromosomes.
ii) Interference; the observed double crossover frequency differs from the expected double crossover frequency. Cross over interference is used to refer to the non-random placement of crossovers with respect to each other during meiosis. It results in widely spaced crossovers along chromosomes. Interference may exert its effect across whole chromosomes. As chromosomes in many eukaryotes are large, interference must be able to act over megabase lengths of DNA.
iii) Linkage- the tendency for genes located in close proximity on the same chromosome to be inherited together. Normally when two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
iv) Recombination- the process by which a new pattern of alleles on a chromosome is generated. Genetic recombination is the production of offspring with combinations f traits that differ from those found in either parent. During meiosis in eukaryotes, genetic recombination involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes. This may be followed by information transfer between the chromosomes.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
tool will allow Suzanne to analyze and visualize data on a map. Geographic
Information Systems is a computer-based tool that is used for analyzing,
storing, manipulating and visualizing geographic information, usually in a map.
GIS can include information about location, people, landscape and sites of
factories.
Answer:
Explanation:
Energy in _SUNLIGHT__ is absorbed by an electron in a photocenter. This energy is converted from light energy into chemical energy into kinetic energy as the energized electron is used in back to back REDOX reaction in the electron transport chain, ETC. The ETC creates _AN ENERGY GRADIENT__ which is used by the cell to power the formation of ATP. In _CYCLIC PHOSPHORYLATION__ (cyclic or noncylcic) the electron returns to the photocenter. In _NON-CYCLIC PHOSPHORYLATION__ (cyclic or non-cyclic), the electron reduces NADP+ to form _NADPH__.
Photophosporylation is the process of using light (photo) to produce ATP from ADP (phosphorylation i.e. addition of phosphorous). There are two types: cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation.
In non-cyclic phosphorylation, there are two photosystems (photocenter) involved, and electron is passed to NADP+.
In cyclic phosphorylation, one photosystem is involved and the electron is not transferred to NADP+, it is circled back to the photosytem.
The reduced form of NADP+ is NADPH. (Remember that: reduction is defined as the addition of hydrogen)
Answer:
Producer:Oak trees , grass plants ,
Primary consumer: Mice, grasshoppers ,
Secondary consumer:Squirrells(depending on they eat), robbins
Third consumer:deer , foxes, grizzly bears.
Decomposer:Mushrooms
Our hypothesis is based on the performance of students in the tests given the amount of time they studied last night before the exam. The testable version of the hypothesis will be whether the students studying 20 minutes per night, every night, get higher scores on the test. To test the hypothesis, Mr. Montanari needs to do a survey of his students to find out the time of study and the duration of study before the examinations. By analysing and interpreting the data, he can either reject or accept the hypothesis. Hypothesis will get rejected:
1. when there's at least one case where the individual might have not studied before the examination but still managed to score the highest.
2. when there's at least one case where the individual might have studied in the day time but still managed to score the highest.
3. when there's at least one case where the individual might have studied for 20 minutes per night for every night but got an average score in the test.
