Answer:
Instrumental aggression
Explanation:
Agression can be said to be any form of behavior which is intended to harm another person, oneself, or an object.
Instrumental Aggression can be defined as the intentional use of harmful behavior(s) to achieve some other goal (war, gang violence, organized crime, football).
Nicole pushing her friend just to achieve her goal of having the cookie is what Instrumental aggression embodies according to its definition. Making use of a harmful situation(pushing) to achieve a goal (cookie).
Answer: test had less than perfect reliability
Explanation: The test score used by the college to predict how a student will perform could be said to have less than perfect reliability. This proved to be the case due to the students actual performance when later admitted based on intervention. It shows that the test score can not consistently serve as proof that only students who have above the cut off mark will be good performers in the college. Therefore, it could be concluded that the test score had less than perfect reliability based on the the eventual performance of the student.
The American pianist Harvey Lavan Cliburn, in the middle of the Cold War won the international Chaikovsky piano competition in Moscow and his music transcends decades of east-west clashes. Fame came to Cliburn in 1958 when he took first place in the first international Chaikovsky piano competition in Moscow, which made him a genuine winner in the midst of ideological tensions and threats between the USSR and the United States. Although Clibum, I do not take part in the Cold War, if we can affirm that His virtuous interpretation of the symphonies of Chaikovsky and Rafmaninov prevented the Kremlin authorities from ideologically using the contest.
Citizens had a principal role in the development of a society.
Explanation:
No.1. Citizens had a role in the governance of the society at large.
No.2. They participated in making and implementing the law.
No.3. Though there were various branches in the government, however there was a system that no branch becomes too powerful.
Since no options are provided in the above question, the answer is generalized.
A key concept in reinforcement or behavioral modification is that "one behavior should be shaped at a time and the behavioral problems should be recognized".
A behavioral modification consists of FOUR components:
1. Positive reinforcement
2. Negative reinforcement
3. Positive punishment
4. Negative punishment
