<u>Answer:</u> The chemical equations and equilibrium constant expression for each ionization steps is written below.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The chemical formula of carbonic acid is
. It is a diprotic weak acid which means that it will release two hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
The chemical equation for the first dissociation of carbonic acid follows:

The expression of first equilibrium constant equation follows:
![Ka_1=\frac{[H^+][HCO_3^{-}]}{[H_2CO_3]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Ka_1%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D%5BHCO_3%5E%7B-%7D%5D%7D%7B%5BH_2CO_3%5D%7D)
The chemical equation for the second dissociation of carbonic acid follows:

The expression of second equilibrium constant equation follows:
![Ka_2=\frac{[H^+][CO_3^{2-}]}{[HCO_3^-]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Ka_2%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D%5BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%5D%7D%7B%5BHCO_3%5E-%5D%7D)
Hence, the chemical equations and equilibrium constant expression for each ionization steps is written above.
Answer: The new volume of cake is 1.31 mL.
Explanation:
Given:
= 0.20 mL, 
= ?, 
Formula used to calculate new volume is as follows.

Substitute the values into above formula as follows.

Thus, we can conclude that the new volume of cake is 1.31 mL.
A: The Equator To The Poles
Answer:
1.59mol/L
Explanation:
Data obtained from the question include:
Mass of MgCl2 = 151g
Volume of water(solvent) = 1L
Now, let us calculate the number of mole of MgCl2. This is illustrated below:
Molarity Mass of MgCl2 = 24 + (2x35.5) = 24 + 71 = 95g/mol
Mass of MgCl2 = 151g
Number of mole of MgCl2 =?
Number of mole = Mass /Molar Mass
Number of mole of MgCl2 = 151/95
Number of mole of MgCl2 = 1.59mole
Now we can calculate the molarity of MgCl2 as follow:
Mole = 1.59mole
Volume = 1L
Molarity =?
Molarity = mole /Volume
Molarity = 1.59/1
Molarity = 1.59mol/L
Ideal solutions obey Raoult's law, which states that:
P_i = x_i*(P_pure)_i
where
P_i is the partial pressure of component i above a solution
x_i is the mole fraction of component i in the solution
(P_pure)_i is the vapor pressure of pure component i
In this case,
P_benzene = 0.59 * 745 torr = 439.6 torr
P_toluene = (1-0.59) * 290 torr = 118.9 torr
The total vapor pressure above the solution is the sum of the vapor pressures of the individual components:
P_total = (439.6 + 118.9) torr = 558.5 torr
Assuming the gas phase also behaves ideally, the partial pressure of each gas in the vapor phase is proportional to its molar concentration, so the mole fraction of toluene in the vapor phase is:
118.9 torr/558.5 torr = 0.213