Answer: Correct options B, D and E.
Explanation:
In the cladogram, we can see that in the first branch we have a division, one branch goes to fish and the other goes to a division (a division means a common ancestor)
Then the fish are the most primitive (being directly related to the first ancestor)., E is true.
We also can see that between fish and birds we have 3 separations (the ancestor in common is 3 "generations" behind), and between frog and birds we have two separations (the common ancestor is 2 "generations" behind), so frogs are more closely related to birds than fish.
So D is also true.
We also can see that the only pair that has only one ancestor in common are birds and reptiles, so the ones that are most closely related are birds and reptiles. B is also true,
Answer:
C. parvum takes energy from glucose which is present in the digestive tract after the process of glycolysis.
Lactate dehydrogenase which is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate molecule.
Explanation:
C. parvum is a protozoa that lives as a parasite in the digestive tract of animals. They take nutrients from the cell which are present in the form of glucose. C. parvum uses a specific type of enzyme i. e. lactate dehydrogenase which is responsible for the conversion of lactate into pyruvate and also helps in the production of ATP through glycolysis process. In this process, the glucose molecule is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of water. So C. parvum takes ATP from that way from the host cells.
Correct answer: A). Light slows down as it moves from the air in to the water, resulting in refraction, or a bending of light.
This is because as light travels through one media it travels in a straight line, however, when it travels from one media to another media it bends, light path bends because of the phenomenon of refraction of light.
The refraction takes place only at the boundary, as the light continues to cross the boundary, it travels in a straight line.
So, as the portion of the pencil is submerged in water, the light will travel from water to air.
Hence it appears to be broken because of refraction of light. So, the correct answer would be option A.
