Answer: The correct answer is nucleotide.
Explanation:
Nucleic acids are the polymer of nucleotides which are attached with each other with the help of phospho-diester bonds.
Nucleotide consists of sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), phosphate group, and nitrogenous base (A, T, G, and in DNA; and A, U, G, and C in RNA).
ANSWER:
Cytokines, Chemokines, Leukocytes, Neutrophils, Macrophages, and Dendritic cells are all involved
EXPLANATION:
On the incidence of Streptococcus, the immune system activates a complex response that relies basically on the instatement and activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells.
These activities will only occur on the activation of innate immune responses through workout between pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with streptococcus derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
Moreso, cytokines and chemokines (well known are IL-1β and CXCL1 respectively) produced by macrophages and dendritic cells on exposure to Streptococcus, elicits neutrophil.
Neutrophils then produces antimicrobial proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sometimes neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), all these for the bacterial infection control.
Answer:
The correct answer is a. Reduction in species diversity
Explanation:
In habitat fragmentation, the large area of forest is divided into many smaller patches which reduce the area of habitat for species live there. This Fragmentation of habitat occurs mainly due to human activities like making highways and roads in the area.
This separates species member from each other which reduces the gene flow between that which can lead to inbreeding depression in a species and extinction of species can occur.
Cutting trees and human activities can alter the environment negatively which can cause extinction of some species that reduce species diversity. So the correct answer is a.
- The question is incomplete as it does not have the option which are:
- Enzymes for the breakdown of the food are delivered to the food vacuole from the cytosol.
- Proteins for digestion of the food are made by ribosomes in the Golgi apparatus.
- The membrane of the food vacuole is derived from the cell wall.
- Proteins for digestion of the food particle were initially processed in mitochondria.
- Digestion of the food particle occurs in a vesicle enclosed by a membrane that separates the digestion from the cytoplasm.
Answer:
Digestion of the food particle occurs in a vesicle enclosed by a membrane that separates the digestion from the cytoplasm.
Explanation:
A food vacuole is a digestive organelle present in the protozoans which contains the enzymes responsible for digestion. The food vacuole is membrane-bound organelle thus separates the food particles from the cytoplasm of the cell.
The digestive enzymes like proteases, DNases, RNases, lipase and many other enzymes digest the macromolecules and convert them to simple compounds. These nutrients are then used by the organism for the growth of the cell.
Thus, the selected option is correct.
