1. The glutamate causes an influx of ca2+ ions into the nerve cell akin to what occurs during depolarization. However, this occurs excessively without regulation (due to excessive stimulation by the glutamate) that eventually causes nerve injury through cytotoxic edema.
2. When the ca2+ levels are lowered during stroke, then nerve cell injury would be obviated hence enabling the chances of restoration of nerve cell function. This would happen because there would be no excess calcium ions to influx when the NMDA receptors are excessively stimulated by the glutamate molecules.
B
Every living thing makes energy through respiration and plants use solar energy during respiration.
Agglutinins is a antibody or other substance that causes particles to coagulate from another more thickened mass.
They are like security guards in that, they are very slow and lazy so to speak.
Answer;
The process of respiration is essential in the oxygen/carbon dioxide cycle. Respiration removes oxygen from the atmosphere and produces and releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Explanation;
Respiration is one of the natural process that adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere and at the same time remove or decrease the amount of oxygen.
Both plants and animals use respiration process to generate energy in form of ATP that is needed for basic functions such a growth and movement. During this process, nutrients such as glucose are combined with oxygen to yield energy in form of ATP, and also water and carbon dioxide as by-products.
Unlike photosynthesis, which uses carbon dioxide and water to yield nutrients (simple sugars) and oxygen gas, respiration uses oxygen and nutrients, to yield carbon dioxide and water, we can therefore they are antagonistic processes.
Bryophytes are known as non-vascular plants - what makes them non-vascular is the a<span>bsence of xylem and phloem.</span>
