Waste (byproducts) made by the cell that serves no purpose to keep inside the cell membrane.
Answer/Explanation:
Types of reproductive isolation include: temporal, ecological, mechanical, and behavioural.
A snail with a flat disc-like shell will not be able to mate with a snail having a conical shell - this is an example of mechanical isolation, where the animals are physically unable to mate due to incompatible body shapes and sizes.
The reproductive organs of male bush babies do not match with the reproductive organs of females of other bush baby species. - this is another example of mechanical isolation, as the sexual organs will physically not allow reproduction between these species
The mating call of a cricket is not recognized by a cricket of other species - this is an example of behavioural isolation, which results from incompatible mating rituals. I.e. the animals do not respond to each others mating behaviours
The signals sent by a male firefly are not recognized by the female firefly of other species. - this is also an example of behavioural isolation.
Temporal isolation is where species cannot interact because they do not have the same mating seasons or are not active at the same type of day. ?Ecological isolation occurs when two species do not come into physical contact to one another because they access different areas of the habitat. E.g. mating zones, food sources or nesting sites.
The right answer is Thanh's grade is 2.5 standard deviations below the mean of the test grades.
The z scores are standard deviations. If, for example, a tool returns a z score of +2.5, it means that the result is a standard deviation of 2.5.
Very high or very low (negative) z scores associated with very low p values are at the ends of the normal distribution.
The plant cell is the smallest living structure and constituent unit of all plants. Its size and shape vary by function. It is composed of several organelles, all useful to its activity.
The right answers are: (the numbers are in the picture).
1 refer to a vacuole.
2 refer to a cell wall (if you see closer, the arrow is aiming the green layer, the yellow one is the cell membrane).
3. refer to a chloroplast.
4. refer to mitochondria.
Innate: keratinized epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium hypodermal areolar connective tissue antigen presenting cells major histocompatibility complexes complement (antibody -dependent pathway )
Innate or non-specific response is the first defense against invaders. Components of this response include physical (e.g. skin . mucosa) and chemical barriers against pathogens and cells such as Natural Killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils. Innate response reacts immediately.
Adaptive: immunoglobulin plasma cells agglutinin
helper t cells memory t cells cytotoxic t cells cd4+cells
t lymphocytes
Adaptive immune response or specific response is specific to the pathogen presented and mediated by lymphocytes, B and T cells. Adaptive immune response creates immunological memory after the first, initial l response to a specific pathogen which leads to enhanced response.
