<span>Chlorophyll is essential in photosynthesis, allowing plants to absorb energy from light. Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion.
The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a alone underestimates the effectiveness of certain wavelengths in driving photosynthesis. This is partly because accessory pigments with different absorption spectra are also photosynthetically important in chloroplasts and broaden the spectrum of colors that can be used for photosynthesis.</span>
1. Action potential reaches the axon terminal and depolarizes it.
2. Depolarization opens voltage-gated calcium channels, enabling influx of Ca into the neuron.
3. Calcium binds to specialized proteins on vesicles (containing pre-made acetylcholine) and triggers them to fuse with the neuron membrane at the synapse.
4. Exocytosis of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft occurs.
5. Acetylcholine diffuses across the synapse and binds to nicotinic receptors on the end plate of the myocyte.
6. Activated nicotinic receptors, themselves ion channels, cause cation influx into the myocyte and generate an end plate potential. This eventually gives rise to the full depolarization within the myocyte that enables contraction.
The answers are as follows:
1. <span>An inhibitor has a structure that is so similar to the substrate that it can bond to the enzyme just like the substrate: t</span>his is called competitive inhibitor. A competitive inhibitor will compete with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme and bind to the active site, thus incapacitating the substrate from binding to the active site.
2. An inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme that is not the active site: this is called non competitive inhibitors. Non competitive inhibitors bind to other site in the enzyme which is not the active site of the enzyme. The binding of the inhibitor changes the conformation of the enzyme as well as the active site, thus making it impossible for the substrate to bind to the enzyme effectively.
3. <span>usually, a(n) inhibitor forms a covalent bond with an amino acid side group within the active site, which prevents the substrate from entering the active site or prevents catalytic activity: this is called irreversible or permanent inhibition. Permanent inhibitors form covalent bonds with the enzyme and prevent substrate from binding to the enzyme.
4. T</span><span>he competitive inhibitor competes with the substrate for the ACTIVE SITE on the enzyme: The active site of an enzyme is the place where the substrate normally bind in order to activate a enzyme. Competitive inhibitors are those inhibitors that compete with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme and prevent the substrate from binding there.
5. W</span><span>hen the noncompetitive inhibitor is bonded to the enzyme, the shape of the ENZYME is distorted. The non competitive inhibitors are those inhibitors that bind to other places in the enzyme instead of the active site. The binding of the non competitive inhibitor usually distort the shape and the conformation of the enzyme thus preventing the substrate from binding to it effectively.
6. E</span><span>nzyme inhibitors disrupt normal interactions between an enzyme and its SUBSTRATE. The principal function of enzyme inhibitor is to prevent the substrate from binding to the appropriate enzyme. This is usually done in the human system in order to regulate the activities of enzymes.</span>
Answer:
The right answer for the blank is cleavage.
Explanation:
After fertilization the next step is cleavage in which zygote divide mitotically. As the embryo move from oviduct down the fallopian tube it divide into two cell and then four cells. four cell embryo is known as blastomere.
Answer:
Codon: 3'-CGC-5'
Codon: 3'-UGC-5'
Explanation:
The anticodons of tRNAs bind to the complementary codons of mRNA. The mRNA codons are always read in 5' to 3' direction. The 5' base of an mRNA codon pairs with 3' base of the anticodon of tRNAs. The first base of the anticodon (the 5' base) determines the number of mRNA codons that are recognized by the tRNA. When the 5' base of the tRNA anticodon is U or G, it binding with codon is less specific. A tRNA anticodon with 5’ G base can read two different codons.
Anticodon: 5'–GCG–3'.
Codon: 3'-CGC-5'
Codon: 3'-UGC-5'
