<span>Let's consider a scenario in which the resting membrane potential changes from −70 mV to +70 mV, but the concentrations of all ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluids are unchanged. Predict how this change in membrane potential affects the movement of Na+. The electrical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Outside the cell (extracellular) while the chemical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Inside the cell (intracellular).
The electrical gradient is defined as the + goes to the - and the - goes to the +
Na + has a positive charge, but there's more positive charge inside the cell than outside (due to potassium), therefore, Na+ goes extracellular (out)
The concentration gradient considers that the ion will go from the most concentrated to at least concentrated by passive diffusion so no trans-membrane proteins in the game attention.Na + is very concentrated in extracellular and few intracellular, therefore, it tends to go intracellular (in).</span>
Explanation:
This is because the atom that ’donate’ the electrons and the one that ‘accepts’ the electrons – to become ions – will share an electrostatic association and form an ionic bond. So in reality, the atoms are only transferring electrons between themselves rather than “losing and gaining” electrons. When the ionic bonds are broken, such as in chemical reactions, the atoms go back to neutral (regain their electrons) and form new associations with other atoms to form new compounds.
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Answer:
it depends upon the atomic number
Explanation:
if the atomic number is below 4 it will lose electrons
if the atomic number is above 4 it will gain electrons
if the atomic number is 4 it will share its electrons with other atom of the same element make covalent bonds
ex; carbon
Answer:
Oxygen (O2) concerntration
Temperature
pH
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-a synergist
Explanation:
In the musculoskeletal system, the muscles to produce a movement work in group or pairs like hamstrings and quadriceps or biceps or triceps. The muscles which work is known as an agonist or prime mover.
The muscle which helps prime mover by moving in the same direction and at the same time is known as synergists. The synergists produce a similar motion as the prime mover and also stabilizes the joints which hold the position for smooth movement of agonist.
Thus, synergist is the correct answer.
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