The answer is Semantic memory. Semantic memory alludes to a segment of long haul memory that procedures thoughts and ideas that are not drawn from individual experience. Semantic memory incorporates things that are normal learning, for example, the names of hues, the hints of letters, the capitals of nations and other essential certainties procured over a lifetime.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
When his tongue started to grow rapidly.
Dudley ate a piece of toffee he found lying on the ground; however, that turned out not to be regular toffee, but rather magical candy that Fred and George made for their future shop. The candy made Dudley's tongue grow and he needed help to fix it. However, the Dursleys refused Mr. Weasley's help initially, but later changed their mind.
This is a scene from J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
<em>(e) top-down processing</em>
Explanation:
Since the brain is basically focused on the sensory systems higher. 
Higher-level stages of cognition such as reasoning, are therefore known to be at the top of the process of feeling and perception.
But at the other hand, low-level brain structures, like those participating in sight, touch, or hearing sensory systems, are known to be at the bottom. 
Top-down processing refers to how our brains use information that one or more of the sensory systems have already put into the brain.
It is a cognitive process that begins with our emotions, flowing down to functions at lower levels, such as the senses.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Expectancy theory
Explanation:
Expectancy theory works on the basis that the premise on which employees may base an individual levels of effort will be on what is necessary to perform well and earn rewards within the workplace. In other words if retish wants her workers to put forth a certain level of effort and therefore be motivated to reach a particular goal, she would have to set up a reward structure with clearly defining goals and routine evaluations.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
motivational
Explanation:
The motivational process is a strong influence on the consumer's behavior and decision process. This is because this process makes the consumer buy a good or service, with the objective of reaching an established goal.
We can see an example of this in the question above, where Elise aims to buy gifts for her entire family. She is not sure if she remembered all the members of the family, so in order for her to reach the goal even in the face of possible forgetfulness, she bought gift cards to make sure that the whole family would receive something.