This is because the traits like height, are influenced by environmental conditions around the individual. For example, there are two children born to same mother. But one is given best facilities, nutrition and care, whereas other one is brought up by a poor family, which hardly get good food to eat. His condition is much worse than the first case. In such a situation, the former child will grow up healthy and fit, and will have more height than the later one. Although, both got genes from same parent, but the environmental conditions influenced the expression of those genes differently.
Non carbohydrates refers to those food which are not carbohydrates, which means that, these food do not supply energy and one can not possibly grow fat by eating them too much. Examples of non carbohydrate foods are egg, meat, fish, poultry, etc.
Non carbohydrates foods usually play other roles in the human system other than providing energy.
The correct option is D.
When it comes to movement of particles in an out of cells, there are two basic types of transportation, these are passive and active transportation. The passive transportation of particles does not require the use of energy while the active transport system requires the use of energy in the form of ATP. From the diagram given in the question, it can be seen that energy is involved in the process. Energy is mainly needed to move the particles against the concentration gradient since the inside of the cell is highly concentrated while the outside has low concentration. <span />
Gene transfer via transduction could be beneficial if the donor has a new gene that could produce a useful protein. This protein could be an enzyme with various effect like
1 digesting food(fermentation),
2 digesting drug(drug resistance) or
3 toxin that could kill the nearby cells(to decrease food competition).
