Question

If you compared 1 m solutions, was a 1 m nacl solution more or less hypertonic than a 1 m sucrose solution? what is your evidence? what about 1 m nacl and 1 m glucose and 1 m sucrose?

Answer 1

When you say the solution is hypertonic, it means that the solution has a higher osmotic pressure. The formula for this is:

P = iMRT,
for strong electrolytes, i = number of ions. 
for nonelectrolytes, i = 1

1. The P for sucrose solution which is a nonelectrolyte (assuming room temp):
P = (1)(1m)(8.314 J/mol-K)(298 K)
P = 2477.572 Pa

The P for NaCl solution, which is a strong electrolyte:
P = (2)(1 m)(8.314)(298 K)
P = 4955.144 Pa

So, that means that NaCl is more hypertonic than the sucrose solution.

2. For the second question, the P for the combination of 1 m glucose (nonelectrolyte) and 1 m sucrose is:
P = (1)(1 m)(8.314)(298 K) + (1)(1)(8.314)(298 K) = 4955.144 Pa
In this case, the osmotic pressures are now equal. It is not hypertonic, but isotonic.