Answer:
a) The response indicates that a pH below or above this range will most likely cause enolase to denature/change its shape and be less efficient or unable to catalyze the reaction.
b)The response indicates that the appropriate negative control is to measure the reaction rate (at the varying substrate concentrations) without any enzyme present.
c)The response indicated that the enolase has a more stable/functional/correct/normal protein structure at the higher temperature of 55°C than at 37°C because the enzyme is from an organism that is adapted to growth at 55°C.
Explanation:
Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.In bacteria, enolases are highly conserved enzymes and commonly exist as homodimers.
The temperature optimum for enolase catalysis was 80°C, close to the measured thermal stability of the protein which was determined to be 75°C, while the pH optimum for enzyme activity was 6.5. The specific activities of purified enolase determined at 25 and 80°C were 147 and 300 U mg−1 of protein, respectively. Km values for the 2-phosphoglycerate/phosphoenolpyruvate reaction determined at 25 and 80°C were 0.16 and 0.03 mM, respectively. The Km values for Mg2+ binding at these temperatures were 2.5 and 1.9 mM, respectively.
Enolase-1 from Chloroflexus aurantiacus (EnoCa), a thermophilic green non-sulfur bacterium that grows photosynthetically under anaerobic conditions. The biochemical and structural properties of enolase from C. aurantiacus are consistent with this being thermally adapted.
The right answer is C.
A genetic disease is called autosomal dominant transmission when
:
* The morbid allele ("sick" version, mutated of the gene in question) is on a non-sexual chromosome (neither X nor Y).
* The presence of a single morbid allele is sufficient for the disease to express itself.
The morbid allele is transmitted by either the father or the mother (or both, if they have the same inherited autosomal dominant genetic disease). Anyone with one of their affected parents is affected.
Jackson-Weiss syndrome is indeed an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a malformation of the feet, craniosynostosis of varying degrees, facial abnormalities, enlargement of the big toes and normal hands.
<span>DNA and RNA both contain a five-carbon sugar.
</span><span>Hope that helps! ★ <span>If you have further questions about this question or need more help, feel free to comment below or leave me a PM. -UnicornFudge aka Nadia </span></span>
The fusion of the sperm with the egg results in the formation of a zygote that develops into a new offspring. Twins refers to the two offspring which are a result of the same pregnancy. They are of two types. Monozygotic twins are a result of the single zygote (formed by the fusion of one egg with a single sperm) spiltting into two embryos forming the identical twins. Dizygotic twins are a result of two eggs fertilized with two different sperms forming the fraternal twins.
Identical twins are genetically simliar. The genetic material is derived from the same embryo and thus, the DNA of the identical twins are nearly identical. The spilitting of the embryo formed results in the separation of the same genetic material or identical DNA getting incorporated into the twins making them look alike in majority of the cases.
Answer:
DNA is essentially a storage molecule. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of DNA made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life.
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell's DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule. (RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is chemically similar to DNA, except for three main differences described later on in this concept page.) In some cases, the newly created RNA molecule is itself a finished product, and it serves an important function within the cell. In other cases, the RNA molecule carries messages from the DNA to other parts of the cell for processing. Most often, this information is used to manufacture proteins. The specific type of RNA that carries the information stored in DNA to other areas of the cell is called messenger RNA, or mRNA
Explanation:
