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2 years ago

List and describe the three types of galaxies.

Physics

1 answer:

Andrei [34K]2 years ago

5 0

Answer:

According to NASA and their Hubble Space Telescope, we have 4 different types of galaxies, the 3 main ones being elliptical, spiral, and irregular.

Explanation:

Elliptical galaxies are shaped almost like an oval. They do not have any "arms" like you imagine in most galaxies, like our own Milky Way. An example would be galaxy ESO 325-G004.

Spiral galaxies are shaped almost like a circle and has arms "spiraling" out from the center. An example of a spiral shaped galaxy would be our own galaxy, the Milky Way.

Irregular galaxies do not have a definite shape. They are usually shaped randomly and can consist of any shape. An example would be galaxy NGC 1569.

The 4th and obscene type of galaxy is called the Lenticular galaxy. This is simply almost like a cross section between an elliptical galaxy and a spiral galaxy combined together. It is shaped like a disk and has no arms. An example would be galaxy NGC 5010.

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A charged box (m=445 g, ????=+2.50 μC) is placed on a frictionless incline plane. Another charged box (????=+75.0 μC) is fixed i

victus00 [196]

The concept required to perform this exercise is given by the coulomb law.

The force expressed according to this law is given by

$F= \frac{kqQ}{r^2}$

Where,

$k = 8.99 * 10^9 N m^2 / C^2.$

q = charges of the objects

r= distance/radius

Our values are previously given, so

$q= 2.5*10^{-6}C\\Q= 75*10^{-6}C\\r=0.59$

Replacing,

$F=\frac{kqQ}{r^2}$

$F= \frac{(8.99 x 10^9)(2.5*10^{-6})(75*10^{-6})}{0.59^2}$

$F= 4.8423N$

The force acting on the block are given by,

$F-mgsin\theta = ma$

$a = \frac{F-mgsin\theta}{m}$

$a = \frac{4.8423-(0.445)(9.8)sin(35)}{0.445}$ $a = 10.31m/s^2$

Therefore the box is accelerated upward.

3 0

2 years ago

A particle of mass M is moving in the positive x direction with speed v. It spontaneously decays into 2 photons, with the origin

anygoal [31]

Solution :

Mass of the particle = M

Speed of travel = v

Energy of one photon after the decay which moves in the positive x direction = 233 MeV

Energy of second photon after the decay which moves in the negative x direction = 21 MeV

Therefore, the total energy after the decay is = 233 + 21

= 254 MeV

So by the law of conservation of energy, we have :

Total energy before the decay = total energy after decay

So, the total relativistic energy of the particle before its decay = 254 MeV

7 0

2 years ago

A 1.5 m cylinder of radius 1.1 cm is made of a complicated mixture materials. Its resistivity depends on the distance x from the

Elis [28]

Answer:

a) $R = 171$ μΩ

b) $E = 1.7 *10^{-4} V/m$

c) $R_{2} = 1.16 *10^{-4}$ Ω

here * stand for multiplication

Explanation:

length of cylinder = 1.5 m

radius of cylinder = 1.1 cm

resistivity depends on the distance x from the left

$p(x)=a+bx^2$ ............(i)

using equation

$R = \frac{pl}{a}$

let dR is the resistance of thickness dx

$dR =\frac{p(x)dx}{a}$

where p(x) is resistivity l is length

a is area

$\int\limits^R_0 {dR} =\frac{1}{\pi r^2} \int\limits^L_0 {(a+bx^2)} \, dx \\$ .........................(2)

after integration

$R = \frac{[aL+\frac{bL^3}{3}] }{\pi r^2}$ ...............(3)

it is given $p(0) = a = 2.25 * 10 ^{-8}$ Ωm

$p(L) = a + b(L)^2$ = $8.5 * 10 ^{-8}$ Ωm

$8.5 * 10 ^{-8} = 2.25 * 10^{-8}+b(1.5)^2\\$

(here * stand for multiplication )

on solving we get

$b = 2.78* 10^{-8}$ Ωm

put each value of a and b and r value in equation 3rd we get

$R = \frac{[aL+\frac{bL^3}{3}] }{\pi r^2}$

$R = 1.71 * 10^{-4}$ Ω

$R = 171$ μΩ

FOR (b)

for mid point x = L/2

E = p(x)L

for x = L/2

$p(L/2) = a+b(L/2)^2$

for given current I = 1.75 A

so electric field

$E = \frac{[a+b(L/2)^2]I }{\pi r^2}$

by substitute the values

we get;

$E = 1.7 *10^{-4} V/m$

(here * stand for multiplication )

c ).

75 cm means length will be half

that is x = L/2

integrate the second equation with upper limit L/2

Let resistance is $R_{1}$

so after integration we get

$R_{1} = \frac{[a(L/2) +(b/3)(L^3/8)]}{\pi r^2}$

substitute the value of a , b and L we get

$R_{1} = 5.47 * 10 ^{-5}$ Ω

for second half resistance

$R_{2} = R- R_{1}$

$R_{2} = 1.7 *10^{-4} -5.47 *10^{-5}$

$R_{2} = 1.16 *10^{-4}$ Ω

(here * stand for multiplication )

5 0

2 years ago

Max and Jimmy want to jump on a trampoline. Max begins jumping in a steady pattern, making small waves in the trampoline. Jimmy

mylen [45]

Answer:

x_total = (A + B) cos (wt + Ф)

we have the sum of the two waves in a phase movement

Explanation:

In this case we can see that the first boy Max when he enters the trampoline and jumps creates a harmonic movement, with a given frequency. When the second boy Jimmy enters the trampoline and begins to jump he also creates a harmonic movement. If the frequency of the two movements is the same and they are in phase we have a resonant process, where the amplitude of the movement increases significantly.

Max

x₁ = A cos (wt + Ф)

Jimmy

x₂ = B cos (wt + Ф)

total movement

x_total = (A + B) cos (wt + Ф)

Therefore we have the sum of the two waves in a phase movement

8 0

2 years ago

A flywheel is a mechanical device used to store rotational kinetic energy for later use. Consider a flywheel in the form of a un

Kamila [148]

Answer:

a) 6738.27 J

b) 61.908 J

c) $\frac{4492.18}{v_{car} ^{2} }$

Explanation:

The complete question is

A flywheel is a mechanical device used to store rotational kinetic energy for later use. Consider a flywheel in the form of a uniform solid cylinder rotating around its axis, with moment of inertia I = 1/2 mr2.

Part (a) If such a flywheel of radius r1 = 1.1 m and mass m1 = 11 kg can spin at a maximum speed of v = 35 m/s at its rim, calculate the maximum amount of energy, in joules, that this flywheel can store?

Part (b) Consider a scenario in which the flywheel described in part (a) (r1 = 1.1 m, mass m1 = 11 kg, v = 35 m/s at the rim) is spinning freely at its maximum speed, when a second flywheel of radius r2 = 2.8 m and mass m2 = 16 kg is coaxially dropped from rest onto it and sticks to it, so that they then rotate together as a single body. Calculate the energy, in joules, that is now stored in the wheel?

Part (c) Return now to the flywheel of part (a), with mass m1, radius r1, and speed v at its rim. Imagine the flywheel delivers one third of its stored kinetic energy to car, initially at rest, leaving it with a speed vcar. Enter an expression for the mass of the car, in terms of the quantities defined here.

moment of inertia is given as

$I$ = $\frac{1}{2}$ $mr^{2}$

where m is the mass of the flywheel,

and r is the radius of the flywheel

for the flywheel with radius 1.1 m

and mass 11 kg

moment of inertia will be

$I$ = $\frac{1}{2}$ $*11*1.1^{2}$ = 6.655 kg-m^2

The maximum speed of the flywheel = 35 m/s

we know that v = ωr

where v is the linear speed = 35 m/s

ω = angular speed

r = radius

therefore,

ω = v/r = 35/1.1 = 31.82 rad/s

maximum rotational energy of the flywheel will be

E = $Iw^{2}$ = 6.655 x $31.82^{2}$ = 6738.27 J

b) second flywheel has

radius = 2.8 m

mass = 16 kg

moment of inertia is

$I$ = $\frac{1}{2}$ $mr^{2}$ = $\frac{1}{2}$ $*16*2.8^{2}$ = 62.72 kg-m^2

According to conservation of angular momentum, the total initial angular momentum of the first flywheel, must be equal to the total final angular momentum of the combination two flywheels

for the first flywheel, rotational momentum = $Iw$ = 6.655 x 31.82 = 211.76 kg-m^2-rad/s