Inner membrane of the chloroplasts
Explanation:
The present day eukayrotes are all considered to be derived from its original ancestor – the cyanobacteria.
Earlier, photosynthesis by the first photoautotrophs took place utilizing hydrogen sulphide as the electron donor. However, it was later when the cyanobacteria, which were originally residing in the mitochondria of an eukaryotic cell under an endosymbiotic relationship, developed into true chloroplasts, the use of water as electron donor to perform photosynthesis began.
The cyanobacteria were aerobic in nature and required oxygen to survive. They evolved the chloroplasts covered with an external protective membrane and an internal membrane. It is the internal membrane which contains all the necessary organelles or components necessary for photosynthesis like thyllakoids, stroma etc which helped them to utilize water as an electron donor during photosynthesis like all the eukaryotes.
Full question found from other source
The F2 generation phenotypes for each cross are shown in Table 1. (See attachment) Which of the following is the mean number per cross of F2 generation offspring that are the result of crossing over?
Answer:
B, 2.2
Explanation:
The parental genotypes are long and black vs short and white. Therefore the phenotypes that result from crossing over are long and white, and short and black. (middle two rows of the table). If we add up the total number of offspring with these genotypes we get 6 long whites, and 5 short blacks.
The total is 11 from 5 crosses, so the mean is 11/5 = 2.2
Answer:
The amphipathic property of the phospholipids that constitute the membrane
Explanation:
It seems like a options-based answer so it would be better if they were included here but basically, each of those phospholipid molecules has two parts with antagonistic reactions towards water.
The head is polar or hydrophilic, wich means it can be sorrounded by water. The tail, is apolar or hydrophobic which means it is repelled by water.
The interior and exterior of the cell is contain water-based substances, that's why the heads of the phospholipids are oriented like that with the tails protected inside the membrane.
This double layer structure has a fundamental role in the fluid property of the cell membrane from which derive most of it's functions.
<span>Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals are biologically active however they are non-nutrient because they are not required. But they are active biologically active in that some can be used to protect cells from oxidative damage in the form of antioxidants.</span>
The statement, which best describes the evidence that Group 3’s data are less valid than the data for the other two groups is this: GROUP 3’S pH VALUE FOR VINEGAR IS MUCH HIGHER THAN THE VALUES OF THE OTHER TWO GROUPS.
An experimental result is said to be valid, if it gives the true values of the parameters it has measure. Looking at the experimental results given in the question above, one will notice that, the pH value obtained by group 3 for vinegar is quite different from that of the other two groups. In addition, the value is wrong, this is because, vinegar is acidic in nature. The result obtained by group 3 indicates that vinegar is basic, which is wrong. This shows that the results obtained by group 3 is less valid than that of the other two groups.
