The answer is: conditioned stimulus (CS)
Conditioned stimulus refers to the neutral stimulus that trigger a specific response after being associated for a prolonged period of time with unconditioned stimulus.
In the case above:
- the toilet flush is previously a neutral stimulus that does not trigger any response.
- The toilet flush later on paired with unconditioned stimulus (hot water) that make jeff scream in pain
- Because of this, the toilet flush become a conditioned stimulus. This make jeff associate the toilet flush with hot water and make him twitch whenever he hear toilet flush while bathing.
The answer would be skills, like your driving skills
All of the items you listed are signs that you might be approaching a collision scene.
ANSWER: RELATED TO TASK DIFFICULTY.
EXPLANATION:
Psychologically, OPTIMAL AROUSAL refers to the level of mental stimulation which results to full maximization of learning process, physical performance (such as seen in athletes) or proper wellbeing.
However, research has established that different levels of arousal is generated for different tasks to get optimal performance. It was also established by researchers of this context that lower or optimal level of arousal is generated for difficult tasks to ensue better concentration. In the other hand, tasks with less intellectual demands generates higher levels of arousal in other to increase motivation.
