A Federation starship (8.5 ✕ 106 kg) uses its tractor beam to pull a shuttlecraft (1.0 ✕ 104 kg) aboard from a distance of 14 km
away. The tractor beam exerts a constant force of 4.0 ✕104 N on the shuttlecraft. Both spacecraft are initially at rest. How far does the starship move as it pulls the shuttlecraft aboard?
1 answer:
Refer to the diagram shown below.
m₁ = 8.5 x 10⁶ kg, the mass of the starship
m₂ = 10⁴ kg, the mass of the shuttlecraft
a₁ = the acceleration of the starship
a₂ = the acceleration of the shuttle
F = 4 x 10⁴ N, the pulling force
Let y = distance traveled by the starship
Let x = distance traveled by the shuttlecraft
If t = the time of travel, then
y = 0.5a₁t² (1)
x = 0.5a₂t² (2)
F = m₁a₁ = m₂a₂ (3)
Also,
x + y = 14000 m (4)
From (2), obtain
a₁ = (4 x 10⁴ N)/(8.5 x 10⁶ kg) = 4.706 x 10⁻³ m/s²
a₂ = (4 x 10⁴ N)/(10⁴ kg) = 4 m/s²
From (1), (2) and (4), obtain
0.5*(t s)²*(4 + 4.706 x 10⁻³ m/s²) = 14000 m
2.002353t² = 14000
t² = 6991.774 s²
t = 83.617 s
Therefore
x = 0.5*4*6991.774 = 13984 m = 13.984 km
y = 0.5*4.706 x 10⁻³*6991.774 = 16.452 m
The starship moves only about 16.5 m while pulling in the shuttlecraft by 13.98 km.
Answer: The starship moves by 16.5 m (nearest tenth)
m₁ = 8.5 x 10⁶ kg, the mass of the starship
m₂ = 10⁴ kg, the mass of the shuttlecraft
a₁ = the acceleration of the starship
a₂ = the acceleration of the shuttle
F = 4 x 10⁴ N, the pulling force
Let y = distance traveled by the starship
Let x = distance traveled by the shuttlecraft
If t = the time of travel, then
y = 0.5a₁t² (1)
x = 0.5a₂t² (2)
F = m₁a₁ = m₂a₂ (3)
Also,
x + y = 14000 m (4)
From (2), obtain
a₁ = (4 x 10⁴ N)/(8.5 x 10⁶ kg) = 4.706 x 10⁻³ m/s²
a₂ = (4 x 10⁴ N)/(10⁴ kg) = 4 m/s²
From (1), (2) and (4), obtain
0.5*(t s)²*(4 + 4.706 x 10⁻³ m/s²) = 14000 m
2.002353t² = 14000
t² = 6991.774 s²
t = 83.617 s
Therefore
x = 0.5*4*6991.774 = 13984 m = 13.984 km
y = 0.5*4.706 x 10⁻³*6991.774 = 16.452 m
The starship moves only about 16.5 m while pulling in the shuttlecraft by 13.98 km.
Answer: The starship moves by 16.5 m (nearest tenth)
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