Question

Elements that are characterized by the filling of p orbitals are classified as _____.

Answer 1

Answer : The correct option is, (a) Groups 3A through 8A

Explanation :

The general electronic configurations of :

Group 1A : $ns^1$

Group 2A : $ns^2$

Group 3A : $ns^2np^1$

Group 4A : $ns^2np^2$

Group 5A : $ns^2np^3$

Group 6A : $ns^2np^4$

Group 7A : $ns^2np^5$

Group 8A : $ns^2np^6$

Transition metal : $(n-1)d^{(1-10)}ns^{(0-2)}$

Inner transition metal (Lanthanoids) : $4f^{(1-14)}5d^{(0-1)}6s^2$

Inner transition metal (Actinoids) : $5f^{(0-14)}6d^{(0-1)}7s^2$

From the general electronic configurations, we conclude that the groups 3A through groups 8A elements that are characterized by the filling of p-orbitals.

Answer 2

Elements that are characterized by the filling of p orbitals are classified as $\boxed{{\text{a}}{\text{. Groups 3A through 8A}}}$ .

Further Explanation:

In order to make the study of numerous elements easier, these elements are arranged in a tabular form in increasing order of their atomic numbers. Such a tabular representation of elements is called a periodic table. Horizontal rows are called periods and vertical columns are called groups. A periodic table has 18 groups and 7 periods.

a. Groups 3A through 8A

The elements from group 3A to 8A has the general outermost electronic configuration of $n{s^2}n{p^{1 - 6}}$. So the added electrons are to be filled in p orbitals.

b. Transition metals

These metals have the general valence configuration of $\left( {n - 1} \right){d^{1 - 10}}n{s^{0 - 2}}$. This indicates that the added electrons enter either s or d orbitals.

c. Inner transition metals

These are classified as lanthanoids and actinoids. The general outermost configuration of lanthanoids is $4{f^{1 - 14}}5{d^{0 - 1}}6{s^2}$ while that of actinoids is $5{f^{0 - 14}}6{d^{0 - 1}}7{s^2}$. In both cases, the added electron enters either d or f orbitals.

d. Groups 1A and 2A

The elements of group 1A have the general valence electronic configuration of $n{s^1}$. It implies the last or valence electron enters in the s orbital. The group 2A elements have a general configuration of $n{s^2}$. Here also the last electron enters the s orbital.

So elements from groups 3A to 8A are classified by the filling of p orbitals and therefore option a is correct.

Learn more:

1. Which ion was formed by providing the second ionization energy? brainly.com/question/1398705
2. Write a chemical equation representing the first ionization energy for lithium: brainly.com/question/5880605

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Periodic classification of elements

Keywords: periodic table, configuration, ns1, ns2, d, p, f, 3A, 8A, transition metals, inner transition metals, lanthanoids, actinoids, orbitals, 1A, 2A.