Answer:
downward communication
Explanation:
Downward communication in organization refers to communication that flows downwards, that is from higher levels/level in the organization( vice president for example) to lower level/levels in the organization. This is demonstrated here where the vice president disseminates a five-year strategic plan to the deans and department heads who are his subordinates in the organization(university here)
Answer:
confirmation
Explanation:
Confirmation bias: The term confirmation bias, in psychology, is also referred to as confirmatory bias. A person having a confirmatory bias tends to interpret or search for information that confirms or satisfies his or her perception or preconceptions. It often leads to statistical errors or mistakes. While having a confirmatory bias, people tend to believe and accept evidence that supports their views.
In the question above, the given statement exemplifies confirmation bias.
Answer: Destructive
Explanation: Destructive conflict is the conflict that produces the result that makes everyone unsatisfied from it. Such result includes proud, ego , negativity etc factors due to which the people do not agree with the outcome. People do not like the outcome because it does not provide any further direction to take step.
According to the situation mentioned in the question, destructive statement is given by Donna because she is not happy with the act of Lisa regarding car's gas. Therefore ,she states the statement with unhappy and furious manner.
Answer:
Explanation:
b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
