(a) 
The radiation pressure exerted by an electromagnetic wave on a surface that totally absorbs the radiation is given by

where
I is the intensity of the wave
c is the speed of light
In this problem,

and substituting
, we find the radiation pressure

(b) 
Since we know the cross-sectional area of the laser beam:

starting from the radiation pressure found at point (a), we can calculate the force exerted on a tritium atom:

And then, since we know the mass of the atom

we can find the acceleration, by using Newton's second law:

Answer:
1%
Explanation:
Percent error can be found by dividing the absolute error (difference between measure and actual value) by the actual value, then multiplying by 100.

The measured value is 2.02 meters and the actual value is 2.00 meters.


First, evaluate the fraction. Subtract 2.00 from 2.02

Next, divide 0.02 by 2.00

Finally, multiply 0.01 and 100.

The percent error is 1%.
Impulse = Integral of F(t) dt from 0.012s to 0.062 s
Given that you do not know the function F(t) you have to make an approximation.
The integral is the area under the curve.
The problem suggest you to approximate the area to a triangle.
In this triangle the base is the time: 0.062 s - 0.012 s = 0.050 s
The height is the peak force: 35 N.
Then, the area is [1/2] (0.05s) (35N) = 0.875 N*s
Answer> 0.875 N*s
Using the equation P = W/t to solve your problem .
Thus the answer is all of them use the same amount of power. 20 J.
Answer:

Explanation:
The word 'nun' for thickness, I will interpret in international units, that is, mm.
We will begin by defining the intensity factor for the steel through the relationship between the safety factor and the fracture resistance of the panel.
The equation is,

We know that
is 33Mpa*m^{0.5} and our Safety factor is 2,

Now we will need to find the average width of both the crack and the panel, these values are found by multiplying the measured values given by 1/2
<em>For the crack;</em>

<em>For the panel</em>

To find now the goemetry factor we need to use this equation

That allow us to determine the allowable nominal stress,


\sigma_{allow} = 208.15Mpa
So to get the force we need only to apply the equation of Force, where



That is the maximum tensile load before a catastrophic failure.