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2 years ago

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Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigeration system as saturated vapor at 0.14 MPa and leaves as superheated vapor

at 0.8 MPa and 60°C at a rate of 0.058 kg/s. Determine the rates of energy transfers by mass into and out of the compressor. Assume the kinetic and potential energies to be negligible. The enthalpies of refrigerant-134a at the inlet and the exit are 239.19 kJ/kg and 296.82 kJ/kg, respectively.

1 answer:

vampirchik [111]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

17.21kW and 13.97kW

Explanation:

To solve this question we have two data that are provided to us and correspond to the Enthalpy.

$h1=239.16kJ/kg\\h2=296.81kJ/kg$

The energy in mass and enthalpy terms is given by.

$E_{mass,in}=mh_1$

Where the variables are,

<em>m=mass flow rate</em>
<em>h= Enthalpy of refrigerant at the compressor</em>

We only proceed to replace the values.

$E_{mass,in}=(0.058Kg/s)(239.16kJ/kg)\\E_{mass,in}=12.91kW$

Energy transfer rate by mass in the compressor is 13.97kW

Being analogs for the other part of the cycle,

$E_{mass,out}=mh_2$

Substituing,

$E_{mass,out}=(0.058Kg/s)(296.81kJ/kg)\\E_{mass,out}=16.02kW$

Energy transfer rate by mass out of the compressor is 17.21 kW

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An 80-L vessel contains 4 kg of refrigerant-134a at a pressure of 160kPa. Determine (a) the temperature, (b) the quality, (c) th

makvit [3.9K]

Answer:

temperature -15.6 C, quality x=0.646, enthalpy h=667.20 KJ, volume of vapor phase Vg= 79.8 L

Explanation:

property table for R-134a

https://www.ohio.edu/mechanical/thermo/property_tables/R134a/R134a_PresSat.html

at 160 KPa , temperature = -15.66 C

quality x=mass of vapour/ total mass of liq-vap mixture

alternaternately: x=(v-vf)/(vg-vf)

v=total volume i.e. volume of container"80L" 80L=0.08 cubic meter

vf=vol of liquid phase vg=vol of vapor phase vf, vg values at 160Kpa

x=(0.08-0.0007437)/(0.1235-0.0007437)=0.646

enthalpy

h=hf+xhfg hf, hfg values at 160Kpa

h=hf+xhfg=31.2+0.646(209.9)=166.80 KJ/Kg

for 4Kg R-134a h=m(166.80 KJ/Kg )=667.20 KJ

volume of vapor phase

vg at 160Kpa=0.1235 cubic meter for quality=1.

in this case quality=0.646 , so it will occupy 64.6% space of the vapor phase at quality=1.

vol. of vapor phase=0.646*0.1235=0.0798 cubic meter=79.8 L

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2 years ago

The closed tank of a fire engine is partly filled with water, the air space above being under pressure. A 6 cm bore connected to

skelet666 [1.2K]

Answer:

The air pressure in the tank is 53.9 $kN/m^{2}$

Solution:

As per the question:

Discharge rate, Q = 20 litres/ sec = $0.02\ m^{3}/s$

(Since, 1 litre = $10^{-3} m^{3}$ )

Diameter of the bore, d = 6 cm = 0.06 m

Head loss due to friction, $H_{loss} = 45 cm = 0.45\ m$

Height, $h_{roof} = 2.5\ m$

Now,

The velocity in the bore is given by:

$v = \frac{Q}{\pi (\frac{d}{2})^{2}}$

$v = \frac{0.02}{\pi (\frac{0.06}{2})^{2}} = 7.07\ m/s$

Now, using Bernoulli's eqn:

$\frac{P}{\rho g} + \frac{v^{2}}{2g} + h = k$ (1)

The velocity head is given by:

$\frac{v_{roof}^{2}}{2g} = \frac{7.07^{2}}{2\times 9.8} = 2.553$

Now, by using energy conservation on the surface of water on the roof and that in the tank :

$\frac{P_{tank}}{\rho g} + \frac{v_{tank}^{2}}{2g} + h_{tank} = \frac{P_{roof}}{\rho g} + \frac{v_{tank}^{2}}{2g} + h_{roof} + H_{loss}$

$\frac{P_{tank}}{\rho g} + 0 + 0 = \0 + 2.553 + 2.5 + 0.45$

$P_{tank} = 5.5\times \rho \times g$

$P_{tank} = 5.5\times 1\times 9.8 = 53.9\ kN/m^{2}$

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2 years ago

Poles are values of Laplace transform variable, s, that make denominator of transfer function zero. Zeros are values of Laplace

Ostrovityanka [42]

Answer:

Zero 1 = -1

Zero 2 = -3

Pole 1 = 0

Pole 2 = -2

Pole 3 = -4

Pole 4 = -6

Gain = 4

Explanation:

For any given transfer function, the general form is given as

T.F = k [N(s)] ÷ [D(s)]

where k = gain of the transfer function

N(s) is the numerator polynomial of the transfer function whose roots are the zeros of the transfer function.

D(s) is the denominator polynomial of the transfer function whose roots are the poles of the transfer function.

k [N(s)] = 4s² + 16s + 12 = 4[s² + 4s + 3]

it is evident that

Gain = k = 4

N(s) = (s² + 4s + 3) = (s² + s + 3s + 3)

= s(s + 1) + 3 (s + 1) = (s + 1)(s + 3)

The zeros are -1 and -3

D(s) = s⁴ + 12s³ + 44s² + 48s

= s(s³ + 12s² + 44s + 48)

= s(s + 2)(s + 4)(s + 6)

The roots are then, 0, -2, -4 and -6.

Hope this Helps!!!

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2 years ago

Water flows at a rate of 10 gallons per minute in a new horizontal 0.75?in. diameter galvanized iron pipe. Determine the pressur

ruslelena [56]

Answer:

$\frac{\delta p }{l} = 30.4 lb/ft^3$

Explanation:

Given data:

flow rate = 10 gallon per minute = 0.0223 ft^3/sec

diameter = 0.75 inch

we know discharge is given as

Q = VA

solve for velocity V = \frac{Q}{A}[/tex]

$V = \frac{0.223}{\frac{\pi}{4} \frac{0.75}{12}}$

V = 7.27 ft/sec

we know that Reynold number

$Re = \frac{VD}{\nu}$

$Re = \frac{7.27 \times \frac{0.75}{12}}{1.21\times 10^{-5}}$

$Re = 3.76 \times 10^4$

calculate the $\frac{\epsilon }{D}$ ratio to determine the fanning friction f

$\frac{\epsilon }{D} = \frac{0.0005}{\frac{0.75}{12}} = 0.008$

from moody diagram f value corresonding to Re and $\frac{\epsilon }{D}$ is 0.037

for horizontal pipe

$\delta p = \frac{f l \rho v^2}{2D}$

$\frac{\delta p }{l} = \frac{1 \times 0.037 \times 1.94 \times 7.27}{\frac{0.75}{12}}$

where 1.94 slug/ft^3is density of water

$\frac{\delta p }{l} = 30.4 lb/ft^3$

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A suspension of Bacillus subtilis cells is filtered under constant pressure for recovery of protease. A pilot-scale filter is us

sattari [20]

The answer & explanation for this question is given in the attachment below.

7 0

2 years ago