Answer:
Reproducibility of research
Explanation:
The principle of science that explains why similar experimental investigations conducted in different parts of the world could result in the same outcome is referred to as reproducibility.
<em>A good research or experiment in science must be reproducible, otherwise, the outcome of such an experiment might become inadmissible within the scientific community. It is a core principle of the scientific method that similar results should be obtained when an experiment or observational study conducted in one place is repeated in another place with the same procedure. Hence, an experiment must be reproducible in science in order for the outcome of such an experiment to be part of the general scientific knowledge. </em>
The current is defined as the amount of charge transferred through a certain point in a certain time interval:

where
I is the current
Q is the charge

is the time interval
For the lightning bolt in our problem, Q=6.0 C and

, so the average current during the event is
Explanation:
It is given that,
Mass of Madeleine, 
Initial speed of Madeleine,
(due east)
Final speed of Madeleine,
(due west)
Mass of Buffy, 
Final speed of Buffy,
(due east)
Let
is the Buffy's velocity just before the collision. Using the conservation of linear momentum as :



So, the initial speed of the Buffy just before the collision is 7.13 m/s and it is moving due west. Hence, this is the required solution.