Answer:
Desmosomes
Explanation:
Desmosomes are cellular structures that adhere to neighboring cells. Its function is to hold the epithelial cells together, associating the intermediate filament cytoskeletons of neighboring cells, thus forming a transcellular network with high resistance to mechanical traction. It thus allows the cells to maintain their shape and the epithelial sheet to exist in a stable form. Inside cells act as anchoring sites for intermediate rope-shaped filaments, which form a structural network in the cytoplasm providing a certain rigidity. Through these junctions the intermediate filaments of the adjacent cells are indirectly connected forming a continuous network that extends throughout the tissue.
Answer:
Malignant melanoma cells would have active telomerases that constantly replenish and lengthen telomeres.
Explanation:
Telomerase can be described as enzymes which add the repetitive sequences called telomeres at the end of a chromosome. Telomeres can be described as repetitive sequences at the end of the chromosome which are involved in protecting the chromosome from any damage.
In a normal skin cell, the telomeres will shorten with time. But in a malignant skin cell, the telomerase will add the repetitive sequence again and again. The telomers will not be able to shorten.
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Answer:
A XY or XY gamete fuses with a normal gamete (X or Y)
Explanation:
Meiotic nondisjunction is the phenomenon whereby chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis I or II. Meiotic nondisjunction leads to the formation of abnormal gametes I.e. gametes with additional or missing chromosomal piece.
The fusion of these abnormal gametes produced by nondisijuction with a normal gamete (X or Y chromosome). This leads to a condition called ANEUPLOIDY, which is a chromosomal disorder. In the case od Calix, XXY is an ANEUPLOIDY state that could have resulted because there was a fusion between a XX gamete and Y gamete or XY and X. The XY or XX gametes are produced as a result of nondisijuction.
Answer:
Astrocytes
Explanation:
Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system that twine around nerve cells supporting the brain and spinal cord. They perform many functions; such as providing the nuerons with nutrients, control the blood brain barrrier and blood flow. Astrocytes are basically responsible for maintaining the central nervous system homeostasis.
