<span>Cells control cell division in order to maintain normal cell function. If something happens to the control of the cell division, the healthy cells will divide uncontrollably. These new cells are cancer cells. </span>
The mutations in three genes are responsible for development of cancers:
1. Mutation in proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes normally signal cells to grow and differentiate. Proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes due to mutations which result in the uncontrollable division of the cells.
2. Mutation in tumor suppressor genes. In normal cells, tumor suppressor genes suppress genes essential for cell cycle and that way they prevent uncontrollable cell division. However, after a mutation in these genes, suppression is lost and the cell may progress to cancer.
3. Mutation in stability genes. In normal cells, they have no role either in cell death or growth, but they control mutation rate. Mutation in stability genes results in situation where all genes, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppression genes, are more frequently mutated.
Answer:
- ATP and NADPH facilitate the reduction of 6 molecules of 3-PGA (formed in carbon fixation)to six molecules of the simple sugar glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).
- In the reduction process ADP and NADPH+ are made, when ATP releases energy and loses its terminal phosphate, and NADPH loses energy and a hydrogen atom.
- ADP and NADPH+ return to the light-dependent reactions for re-use.
Explanation:
Sugar biosynthesis in plants, called photosynthesis produces glucose from the reactants; it uses energy from sunlight, along with carbon dioxide and water. In chloroplasts, this occurs in the light-dependent and dark reactions. In the light- dependent reaction, solar energy stimulates photosystems, formed from pigments like chlorophylls.
In the light-independent reaction, products of the light reaction are used to make sugars. Here, in the Calvin cycle, the enzyme, RuBisCO, catalyzes the fixation of CO2 with Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). Organic molecules are reduced and RuBP is regenerated.
The answers are B and C because the other 2 are unhealthy
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I was able to check the image from other source. The answer should be "<span>Storage of needed components or cellular waste."</span>
A. direct B. indirect C. direct D. indirect
Competition occurs by direct and indirect means. Organisms interact directly by fighting (aggression) for scarce resources. Two eagles fighting over the salmon carcass and two colonies of ant clashing over a wasp are samples of aggression (direct competition)
Indirect competition happens when there is a common or limited <span>supply of at least one resource (food, water, and territory). </span>Use of this resource lessens and later depletes the amount available to others, or they compete for space.<span> Gray foxes preying on penguins and squirrels relying on nuts for food are samples of indirect competition.</span>
