The following are the steps the nurse would take to treat the infiltrated site:
1. Stop the infusion and remove the catheter
2. Elevate the extremity
3. Encourage an active range of motion
4. Apply a cold or warm compress depending on the solution infusing
5. Restart the infusion proximal to the location or in another extremity
Now, in order to address hydration requirements of the client, the nurse will have to begin a novel peripheral intravenous in another extremity or to again start the infusion if intravenous access has been created.
The statement that describes the ability of the cell membrane to allow various substance to move through is that the cell membrane is preamble and allows only certain substances to pass through.
Explanation:
The plasma membrane is preamble, hydrophobic molecules and small polar molecules diffuse through lipid layer. The integral membrane proteins enable large polar molecules to pass through the membrane.
Some molecules can cross the membrane like hydrocarbons and oxygen. Whereas the large molecules like glucose and sugars cannot cross. The water pass through lipid.
The primary ethical guidelines that apply to this experiment are those of human experimentation.
The use of humans as subjects of experimentation would seem to demean their human dignity. The issue of abuse of the human subjects and also the prospects of the clinical trial going wrong (such as causing an adverse effect on the subjects) also raise ethical challenges even when the subjects are volunteers. In case of a clinical error, what is the right compensation?
Answer:
a) The response indicates that a pH below or above this range will most likely cause enolase to denature/change its shape and be less efficient or unable to catalyze the reaction.
b)The response indicates that the appropriate negative control is to measure the reaction rate (at the varying substrate concentrations) without any enzyme present.
c)The response indicated that the enolase has a more stable/functional/correct/normal protein structure at the higher temperature of 55°C than at 37°C because the enzyme is from an organism that is adapted to growth at 55°C.
Explanation:
Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate during both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.In bacteria, enolases are highly conserved enzymes and commonly exist as homodimers.
The temperature optimum for enolase catalysis was 80°C, close to the measured thermal stability of the protein which was determined to be 75°C, while the pH optimum for enzyme activity was 6.5. The specific activities of purified enolase determined at 25 and 80°C were 147 and 300 U mg−1 of protein, respectively. Km values for the 2-phosphoglycerate/phosphoenolpyruvate reaction determined at 25 and 80°C were 0.16 and 0.03 mM, respectively. The Km values for Mg2+ binding at these temperatures were 2.5 and 1.9 mM, respectively.
Enolase-1 from Chloroflexus aurantiacus (EnoCa), a thermophilic green non-sulfur bacterium that grows photosynthetically under anaerobic conditions. The biochemical and structural properties of enolase from C. aurantiacus are consistent with this being thermally adapted.
Light positioning include;
1. Extrinsic muscles.
2. Pupil.
3. Accommodation.
4. Cornea
5. Ciliar bodies.
Sensory processing include;
1.Photoreceptor.
2. Occipital cortex.
3. Bipolar cells.
4. Ganglion cells.
5. Amacrine cells.
