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2 years ago

Explain how you know that hno3 is an acid but nh4no3 is not an acid

Chemistry

2 answers:

Xelga [282]2 years ago

5 0

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions or protons (H⁺).

1) Nitric acid (HNO₃) is a strong acid, because it completely dissociates in water and form a lot of hydrogen ions.

Dissociation of nitric acid in water: HNO₃(aq) → H⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq).

2) Ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) will disociate in water, but it will not give hydrogen cations.

Dissociation of ammonium nitrate in water:

NH₄NO₃(aq) → NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq).

Oduvanchick [21]2 years ago

3 0

Answer:

HNO3 is the monoprotic acid and completely dissociate in water and gives the H+.

Dissociation of Nitric acid in water: HNO3→ H+ + NO3-

In NH4NO3 Ammonium is formed by a weak base and is therefore a relatively stronger acid.

Nitrate is formed from a strong acid and is therefore an extremely weak base.

Therefore the overall Compound is slightly acidic. The salt of a strong acid (HNO3) and a weak

Base (NH3) is acidic.

The chemical equations:

NH4NO3(s) → NH4+ (aq) + NO3-(aq)

NH4+ (aq) <==> NH3 (aq) + H+ (aq)

(The second equation favors products slightly due to the presence of NO3- continuously joining with the H+ ions and then separating again. This is what causes an acidic pH)

Explanation

Arrhenius Acids and Bases

1. An acid is a substance which dissociates in water to produce one or more hydrogen ions (H+).

2. A base is a substance which dissociates in water to produce one or more hydroxide ions (OH-).

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

1. An acid is a substance from which a proton (H+ ion) can be removed. Essentially, an acid donates protons to bases.

2. A base is a substance to which a proton (H+) can be added. Essentially, a base accepts protons from acids.

Acids that can donate only one proton are monoprotic, and acids that can donate more than one proton are polyprotic

So according to Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base concept HNO3 is the strong monoprotic acid

And NH4NO3 is the salt of Strong acid and weak base so it is slightly acidic in nature.

When in solution, ammonium nitrate will dissociate very well into NH4+ and NO3-. The ammonium ion is a Bronsted-Lowery acid in that it will donate an H+ to solution. In turn, this forms ammonia (NH3). Ammonia being a weak base will accept hydrogen ions from the solution, but not all of them. In conclusion, the solution will form an equilibrium where the pH is slightly acidic due to H+ ions being loose in solution.

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Alveolar air (a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) has a total pressure of 0.998 atm. If the partial pressure of o

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Answer:

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 22.8 mmHg

Explanation:

Dalton's Law is a gas law that relates the partial pressures of the gases in a mixture. This law says that the pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases present.

In this case:

Ptotal=Pnitrogen + Poxygen + Pcarbondioxide

You know that:

Ptotal= 0.998 atm
Pnitrogen= 0.770 atm
Poxygen= 0.198 atm
Pcarbondioxide= ?

Replacing:

0.998 atm=0.770 atm + 0.198 atm + Pcarbondioxide

Solving:

Pcarbondioxide= 0.998 atm - 0.770 atm - 0.198 atm

Pcarbondioxide= 0.03 atm

Now you apply the following rule of three: if 1 atm equals 760 mmHg, 0.03 atm how many mmHg equals?

$Pcarbondioxide=\frac{0.03 atm*760 mmHg}{1 atm}$

Pcarbondioxide= 22.8 mmHg

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 22.8 mmHg

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2 years ago

Based on the products obtained, rank the functional groups (acetamido, amino, and methoxy) in order of increasing ability to act

I am Lyosha [343]

Answer:

Amino >Methoxy > Acetamido

Explanation:

Bromination is of aromatic ring is an electrophilic substitution reaction. The attached functional group to the benzene ring activates or deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution reaction.

The functional group which donates electron to the benzene ring through inductive effect or resonance effect activates the ring towards electrophilic substitution reaction.

The functional group which withdraws electron to the benzene ring through inductive effect or resonance effect deactivates the ring towards electrophilic substitution reaction.

Among given, methoxy and amino are electron donating group. Amino group are stronger electron donating group than methoxy group. Acetamido group because of presence of carbonyl group becomes electron withdrawing group.

Therefore, decreasing order will be as follows:

Amino >Methoxy > Acetamido

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2 years ago

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What will happen to a test dummy during a crash test if its seatbelt is not buckled? The test dummy will stop when the car stops

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The test dummy will continue forward until it makes contact with another object.

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During a lab experiment performed at STP conditions, you prepare HCl by reacting 100. ml of Cl2 gas with an excess of H2 gas.

Brrunno [24]

Answer: 19.4 mL Ba(OH)2

Explanation:

H2(g) + Cl2(g) --> 2HCl(aq) (make sure this equation is balanced first)

At STP, 1 mol gas = 22.4 L gas. Use this conversion factor to convert the 100. mL of Cl2 to moles.

0.100 L Cl2 • (1 mol / 22.4 L) = 0.00446 mol Cl2

Use the mole ratio of 2 mol HCl for every 1 mol Cl2 to find moles of HCl produced.

0.00446 mol Cl2 • (2 mol HCl / 1 mol Cl2) = 0.00892 mol HCl

HCl is a strong acid and Ba(OH)2 is a strong base so both will completely ionize to release H+ and OH- respectively. You need 0.00892 mol OH- to neutralize all of the HCl. Note that one mole of Ba(OH)2 contains 2 moles of OH-.

0.00892 mol OH- • (1 mol Ba(OH)2 / 2 mol OH-) • (1 L Ba(OH)2 / 0.230 M Ba(OH)2) = 0.0194 L = 19.4 mL Ba(OH)2

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