Answer:
Explanation:
Given
Original Frequency 
apparent Frequency 
There is change in frequency whenever source move relative to the observer.
From Doppler effect we can write as

where
apparent frequency
v=velocity of sound in the given media
velocity of source
velocity of observer
here 




i.e.fork acquired a velocity of 
distance traveled by fork is given by

where v=final velocity
u=initial velocity
a=acceleration
s=displacement



Transverse waves travel on a direction that is perpendicular to the motion of the particles (or whatever medium is waving) So the particles must be moving east to west, which is transverse to the north-south motion of the wave
A person lifting a chair is converting chemical energy to mechanical energy.
Answer:

Explanation:
Given:
Initial velocity of the vehicle, 
distance between the car and the tree, 
time taken to respond to the situation, 
acceleration of the car after braking, 
Using equation of motion:
..............(1)
where:
final velocity of the car when it hits the tree
initial velocity of the car when the tree falls
acceleration after the brakes are applied
distance between the tree and the car after the brakes are applied.

Now for this situation the eq. (1) becomes:
(negative sign is for the deceleration after the brake is applied to the car.)