Answer:
In 12.6g of there are 0.29 moles of
and
molecules of
Explanation:
First you should find the molar mass of the :
Then you should write the conversion factor using the molar mass:
So, there are 0.29 moles of in 12.6g of
.
Finally to find the number of molecules, you should use the Avogadro´s number:
There are moles of
in 12.6g of
Sulfur in the thionyl compound will have the formal charge or +1 and has two lone electrons or one lone pair.
<h2>Further Explanation</h2><h3>Lewis Structures</h3>In order to determine the formal charge and number of lone pairs, it is imperative to draw the Lewis structure first. The steps in drawing the lone pairs are:
For thionyl chloride, the central atom is sulfur and the total number of valence electrons is:
Cl = 7 × 2 = 14
S = 6
O = 6
Total Valence Electrons = 14 + 6 + 6 = 26 electrons. Following the steps above, the resulting Lewis structure is shown in the attachment.
Once the Lewis structure is known, the number of lone pairs in the central atom can be known. For thionyl chloride, it can be seen that there are two unshared electrons in S. Therefore, S has one lone pair.
<h3>Formal Charges</h3>The relative distribution of electrons in a molecule can be described through the formal charges of each atom. The formal charge describes how many electrons there are in an atom compared to how many electrons it has if it were not bonded. For a molecule to have a stable structure, the formal charges of all the atoms must be at the lowest possible values.
The formula to determine the formal charge is:
Formal Charge = # valence electron for the isolated atom - (# bonds + non-bonding electrons)
For the thionyl compound, the formal charge of S is determined using the following equation and by looking at the Lewis Structure:
Formal Charge of S = 6 - (3+2)
Formal Charge of S = +1
This means that sulfur has less electrons around it in the molecule than it has as an isolated atom.
<h3>Learn More</h3><em>Keywords: formal charge, lone pairs</em>
