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2 years ago

In a few sentences, describe the molecular polarity and the intermolecular forces present in ammonium lauryl sulfate.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Sergio [31]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

A polar molecule is a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative. A diatomic molecule that consists of a polar covalent bond, such as HF, is a polar molecule. The two electrically charged regions on either end of the molecule are called poles, similar to a magnet having a north and a south pole. A molecule with two poles is called a dipole. Hydrogen fluoride is a dipole. A simplified way to depict polar molecules is pictured below When placed between oppositely charged plates, polar molecules orient themselves so that their positive ends are closer to the negative plate and their negative ends are closer to the positive plate

Experimental techniques involving electric fields can be used to determine if a certain substance is composed of polar molecules and to measure the degree of polarity.

For molecules with more than two atoms, the molecular geometry must also be taken into account when determining if the molecule is polar or nonpolar. is a comparison between carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a linear molecule. The oxygen atoms are more electronegative than the carbon atom, so there are two individual dipoles pointing outward from the C atom to each O atom. However, since the dipoles are of equal strength and are oriented in this way, they cancel each other out, and the overall molecular polarity of CO2 is zero.

Water is a bent molecule because of the two lone pairs on the central oxygen atom. The individual dipoles point from the H atoms toward the O atom. Because of the shape, the dipoles do not cancel each other out, and the water molecule is polar. In the figure, the net dipole is shown in blue and points upward.

Some other molecules are shown below (Figure below). Notice that a tetrahedral molecule such as CH4 is nonpolar. However, if one of the peripheral H atoms is replaced by another atom that has a different electronegativity, the molecule becomes polar. A trigonal planar molecule (BF3) may be nonpolar if all three peripheral atoms are the same, but a trigonal pyramidal molecule (NH3) is polar.

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Which of the following descriptions best describes a weak base?

Westkost [7]

Answer:

umm.. B. a base that generates a lot of hydroxide ions in water.

5 0

2 years ago

Hydrochloric acid (75.0 mL of 0.250 M) is added to 225.0 mL of 0.0550 M Ba(OH)2 solution. What is the concentration of the exces

Shalnov [3]

Answer: The concentration of excess $[OH^-]$ in solution is 0.017 M.

Explanation:

1. $Molarity=\frac{moles}{\text {Volume in L}}$

moles of $HCl=Molarity\times {\text {Volume in L}}=0.250\times 0.075=0.019moles$

1 mole of $HCl$ give = 1 mole of $H^+$

Thus 0.019 moles of $HCl$ give = 0.019 mole of $H^+$

2. moles of $Ba(OH)_2=Molarity\times {\text {Volume in L}}=0.0550\times 0.225=0.012moles$

According to stoichiometry:

1 mole of $Ba(OH)_2$ gives = 2 moles of $OH^-$

Thus 0.012 moles of $Ba(OH)_2$ give = $2 \times 0.012=0.024$ moles of $OH^-$

$H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O$

As 1 mole of $H^+$ neutralize 1 mole of $OH^-$

0.019 mole of $H^+$ will neutralize 0.019 mole of $OH^-$

Thus (0.024-0.019)= 0.005 moles of $OH^-$ will be left.

$[OH^-]=\frac{\text {moles left}}{\text {Total volume in L}}=\frac{0.005}{0.3L}=0.017M$

Thus molarity of $[OH^-]$ in solution is 0.017 M.

4 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

2. If 2.50g of sodium hydroxide is being reacted with 4.30g of magnesium chloride, how many grams of magnesium hydroxide would b

Virty [35]

Answer:

1.822 g of magnesium hydroxide would be produced.

Explanation:

Balanced reaction: $2NaOH+MgCl_{2}\rightarrow Mg(OH)_{2}+2NaCl$

Compound Molar mass (g/mol)

NaOH 39.997

$MgCl_{2}$ 95.211

$Mg(OH)_{2}$ 58.3197

So, 2.50 g of NaOH = $\frac{2.50}{39.997}$ mol of NaOH = 0.0625 mol of NaOH

4.30 g of $MgCl_{2}$ = $\frac{4.30}{95.211}$ mol of $MgCl_{2}$ = 0.0452 mol of $MgCl_{2}$

According to balanced equation-

2 mol of NaOH produce 1 mol of $Mg(OH)_{2}$

So, 0.0625 mol of NaOH produce $(\frac{0.0625}{2})$ mol of NaOH or 0.03125 mol of NaOH

1 mol of $MgCl_{2}$ produces 1 mol of $Mg(OH)_{2}$

So, 0.0452 mol of $MgCl_{2}$ produce 0.0452 mol of $Mg(OH)_{2}$

As least number of moles of $Mg(OH)_{2}$ are produced from NaOH therefore NaOH is the limiting reagent.

So, amount of $Mg(OH)_{2}$ would be produced = 0.03125 mol

= $(0.03125\times 58.3197)$ g

= 1.822 g

6 0

2 years ago

Which is stronger, the strong force (SF) or the electromagnetic force (EMF)? Describe how they battle each other in the nucleus.

Roman55 [17]

Answer:uclear Force that holds together the nucleus of an atom. electromagnetic force. ... They are unstable because the Strong Force that would hold them together if the protons and neutrons were closer is weakened because the protons and neutrons get too far apart.

Explanation:

6 0

2 years ago

Calculate the molarity of sodium chloride in a half-normal saline solution (0.45% NaCl). The molar mass of NaCl is

Rus_ich [418]

Answer:

0.077 M

Explanation:

Data Given :

The concentration of half normal (NaCl) saline = 0.45g / 100 g

So,

Volume of Solution = 100 g = 100 mL

Volume of Solution in Liter = 100 mL / 1000

Volume of Solution = 0.1 L

molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol

Molarity:

Molarity is the representation of the solution. It is amount of solute in moles per liter of solution and represented by M

Formula used for Molarity

M = moles of solute / Liter of solution . . . . . . . . . . (1)

Now to find number of moles of Nacl

no. of moles of NaCl = mass of NaCl / molar mass

no. of moles of NaCl = 0.45g / 58.44 g/mol

no. of moles of NaCl = 0.0077 g

Put values in the eq (1)

M = moles of solute / Liter of solution . . . . . . . . . . (1)

M = 0.0077 g / 0.1 L

M = 0.077 M

So the molarity of half-normal saline solution (0.45% NaCl) = 0.077 M

3 0

2 years ago