In part 2 of the experiment, you will be analyzing a sample of household bleach. A 0.0800 g sample of household bleach is comple
tely reacted with KI(s). The resulting solution is then titrated with 0.150 M NaS2O3 solution. 0.500 mL of the solution is required to reach the colorless endpoint. What is the mass percent of NaOCl (MM = 74.44 g/mole) in the bleach?
1 answer:
Answer:
The mass percent of NaOCl = 3.48%
Explanation:
The mass percent of sodium hypochlorite in household bleach is determined by an oxidation-reduction titration with sodium thiosulfate.
In this reaction, the iodide is oxidized to form aqueous iodine, I₂ (aq) Iodine is not very soluble in water but in the presence of iodide ions, it immediately converts to the tri iodide ion (I₃⁻ ) which is soluble and forms a deep yellow solution.
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Answer:
The equilibrium temperature of the system is 276.494 Kelvin.
Explanation:
Let consider the system formed by the sample of aluminium and water as a control mass, in which the sample is cooled and water is heated until thermal equilibrium is reached. The energy process is represented by First Law of Thermodynamics:
Where:
- Heat received by water, measured in joules.
- Heat released by the sample of aluminium, measured in joules.
Given that no mass is evaporated, the previous expression is expanded to:
Where:
,
- Mass of water and the sample of aluminium, measured in kilograms.
,
- Specific heats of the sample of aluminium and water, measured in joules per kilogram-Kelvin.
,
- Initial temperatures of the sample of aluminium and water, measured in Kelvin.
- Temperature which system reaches thermal equilibrium, measured in Kelvin.
The final temperature is now cleared:
Given that ,
,
,
,
and
, the final temperature of the system is:
The equilibrium temperature of the system is 276.494 Kelvin.
The question is missing the graphics required to answer which I have attached as an image.
There are four different representations of the orientation of water molecules around chloride anion. Let's first analyze the water molecule.
We have H-O-H as the structure of water. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, which results in a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.
The chloride anion is a negative charge. Therefore, the water molecules should orient themselves with the hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine atom as the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms will be attracted to the negative charge of the chlorine atom.
The correct representation is shown in graph 3 which shows all hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine anion.
There are four different representations of the orientation of water molecules around chloride anion. Let's first analyze the water molecule.
We have H-O-H as the structure of water. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, which results in a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.
The chloride anion is a negative charge. Therefore, the water molecules should orient themselves with the hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine atom as the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms will be attracted to the negative charge of the chlorine atom.
The correct representation is shown in graph 3 which shows all hydrogen atoms facing the chlorine anion.